Kuthana ndi phazi: zizindikiro, chithandizo choyamba, chithandizo ndi kukonzanso * Crossfit

Miyendo ndi yomwe imathandizira thupi, ndipo mapazi ndi othandizira miyendo. Nthawi zambiri, othamanga amanyalanyaza kufunikira kwa phazi labwino ndi akakolo kuti akwaniritse bwino masewera, osatchulanso zaumoyo wathanzi. Chosasangalatsa ndichakuti ngakhale kuvulala pang'ono phazi ndi akakolo kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa mtsogolo mtsogolo pazaumoyo. Momwe kuvulala kwamapazi kumachitikira, kusunthika kwamapazi ndi momwe mungazindikire, kupewa ndikuthandizira - tikukuuzani m'nkhaniyi.

Mapazi

Phazi ndi mapangidwe ovuta a anatomical. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi chimango cha mafupa, choyimiridwa ndi talus, calcaneus, scaphoid, cuboid ndi mafupa a sphenoid (tarsal complex), mafupa a metatarsus ndi zala.

Mafupa

Chithunzicho chimakhala ngati "adaputala" pakati pa phazi ndi mwendo wapansi, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, opangitsa kuyenda kwa mwendo. Ikugona mwachindunji pa chidendene fupa.
Fupa la chidendene ndiye phazi lalikulu kwambiri. Ndichizindikiritso chofunikira cha mafupa komanso cholumikizira ma tendon a minofu ndi aponeurosis ya phazi. Mwakutero, imagwira ntchito yothandizira poyenda. Kutsogolo, pokhudzana ndi fupa la cuboid.
Fupa la cuboid limapanga mbali yakumapeto kwa phazi, mafupa a 3 ndi 4 a metatarsal ali moyandikana nawo. Pamphepete mwake, fupa lofotokozedwalo limalumikizana ndi fupa la scaphoid.
Fupa la scaphoid limapanga gawo lamkati lamapazi. Imagona kutsogolo komanso medial kwa calcaneus. Kutsogolo, fupa la scaphoid limalumikizana ndi mafupa a sphenoid - ofananira nawo, apakatikati komanso apakatikati. Pamodzi amapanga mafupa oyambira mafupa a metatarsal.
Mafupa a metatarsal amafanana ndi omwe amatchedwa mafupa a tubular. Kumbali imodzi, amalumikizidwa mosagwirizana ndi mafupa a Tarso, mbali inayo, amaphatikizana ndi zala zawo.

Pali zala zisanu, zinayi (kuyambira chachiwiri mpaka chachisanu) zili ndi phalanges zitatu zazifupi, yoyamba ili ndi iwiri yokha. Kuyang'ana mtsogolo, zala zimagwira gawo lofunika kwambiri pamayendedwe: gawo lomaliza lokankha phazi limatheka ndi chala choyamba ndi chachiwiri.

Zipangizo zamagetsi

Mafupa omwe adatchulidwayo amalimbikitsidwa ndi zida zamagetsi, amapanga ziwalo izi pakati pawo:

Subtalar - pakati pa talus ndi calcaneus. Imavulazidwa mosavuta mitsempha ya akakolo ikatambasulidwa, ndikupanga kugonjera.
Talocalcaneonavicular - mozungulira olumikizanawo ndikotheka kutchula ndi kupititsa phazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira tarsometatarsal, intermetatarsal ndi interphalangeal malo olumikizira phazi.

Minofu yomwe ili pambali ya phazi lakumunsi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga chingwe cholondola cha ng'ombe. Agawidwa m'magulu atatu:

panja;
mkati;
pafupifupi.

Gulu loyamba limatumikira chala chaching'ono, gulu lachiwiri limatumikira chala chachikulu (chomwe chimayang'anira kupindika ndi kubweza). Gulu la minofu yapakati limayang'anira kupindika kwachiwiri, chachitatu ndi chachinayi.

Biomechanically, phazi limapangidwa m'njira yoti, ndikamvekedwe kolondola ka minofu yake, pamwamba pake pamakhala timizere tambiri:

chipinda chakunja chakunja - chimadutsa pamizere yolumikizidwa pakati pa chifuwa chamiyala ndi mutu wakutali wa fupa lachisanu la phalangeal;
utali wamkati wamkati - umadutsa pamzere wokokedwa ndi malingaliro pakati pa ziphuphu za calcaneal ndi mutu wa distal wa fupa loyamba la metatarsal;
chingwe chozungulira - chimadutsa pamizere yolumikizana pakati pamitu yotalika ya mafupa oyamba ndi achisanu a metatarsal.

Kuphatikiza pa minofu, chomera champhamvu chotchedwa aponeurosis, chotchulidwa pamwambapa, chimakhudzidwa pakupanga dongosolo lotere.

Mitundu yokhudzana ndi phazi

Phazi phazi limatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

Kusunthika pang'ono kwa phazi

Ndi kuvulala kwamtunduwu, talus imakhalabe m'malo, ndipo ma calcaneal, scaphoid ndi cuboid oyandikana nawo, amasiyana. Poterepa, pali zovuta zoopsa kumatumba ofewa olowa, omwe amawononga mitsempha ya magazi. Mimbayi yolumikizana ndi ma periarticular zimakhala ndi hematoma yayikulu. Izi zimabweretsa kutupa kwakukulu, kupweteka ndipo, chomwe ndi choopsa kwambiri, pakulephera kuperekera magazi kumiyendo. Zinthu zomalizazi zitha kukhala ngati choyambitsa kukula kwa chilonda chamiyendo.

Kuthamangitsidwa kwa olowa tarsal olowa

Kuvulala kwamapazi kotere kumachitika ndikuvutika mwachindunji. Phazi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe - limayikidwa mkati, khungu kumbuyo kwa phazi limatambasulidwa.Pamene palpating yolumikizira, scaphoid yakomweko yomwe imachoka mkati imamveka bwino. Edema imatchulidwa monga momwe zinalili kale.

Kuchotsedwa kwa cholumikizira metatarsal

Kuvulala kaphazi kosowa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndikuvulala mwachindunji kutsogolo kwa phazi. Njira yowonongeka kwambiri ikufika kuchokera pamwamba pa zala. Poterepa, fupa loyamba kapena lachisanu la phalangeal limatha kusamutsidwa padera, kapena asanu onse nthawi imodzi. Mwachipatala, pali kupindika ngati phazi, edema, ndikulephera kuponda phazi. Kuyenda modzifunira kwa zala zanu ndizovuta kwambiri.

Zala zakuphwanyika

Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kumapezeka mu mgwirizano wa metatarsophalangeal wa chala choyamba. Poterepa, chala chimasunthira mkati kapena kunja, ndikutuluka munthawi yomweyo. Kuvulala kumatsagana ndi kupweteka, kumva kuwawa kwakukulu poyesera kukankhira pansi ndi mwendo wovulala. Kuvala nsapato kumakhala kovuta, nthawi zambiri kosatheka.

Zizindikiro zosonyeza kuzimiririka

Zizindikiro zazikulu za phazi losokonekera ndi:

Ululu, yomwe imabuka mwamphamvu, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo poti zakhudza phazi. Poterepa, pambuyo posiya kuwonekera, kupweteka kumapitilira. Kulimbitsa kumachitika mukamayesera kutsamira pa chiwalo chovulala.
Edema... Malo olumikizira olumikizidwa amawonjezera voliyumu, khungu limatambasulidwa. Pali kumverera kwa kukulira kwa cholumikizira kuchokera mkati. Izi zimalumikizidwa ndikupweteketsa kophatikizana kwamapangidwe ofewa, makamaka zotengera.
Kutaya ntchito... Ndikosatheka kupanga kayendedwe kodzifunira mu cholumikizira chowonongeka; kuyesa kuchita izi kumabweretsa zopweteka zazikulu.
Kukakamizidwa kwa phazi - gawo limodzi la phazi kapena phazi lonse limakhala lachilendo.

Samalani ndi kumvetsera! Ndikosatheka kusiyanitsa kusunthika kwa phazi kuchokera kutambasula ndikuphwanya kwa phazi, popanda kukhala ndi zida za X-ray.

Chithandizo choyamba chololera

Chithandizo choyamba cha phazi lomwe latuluka chili ndi zotsatirazi:

Ikani wovulalayo pamalo omasuka, osalala.
Chotsatira, muyenera kupatsa chiwalo chovulalacho malo okwera (phazi liyenera kukhala pamwamba pa bondo ndi malo amchiuno), ndikuyika pilo, jekete kapena njira iliyonse yoyenera pansi pake.
Kuchepetsa edema pambuyo zoopsa, kuvulala ayenera utakhazikika. Pachifukwa ichi, ayezi kapena chinthu chilichonse chosungidwa mufiriji (mwachitsanzo, paketi ya zidebe) ndizoyenera.
Ngati khungu lawonongeka, m'pofunika kuyika mavalidwe aseptic pachilondacho.
Pambuyo pazinthu zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, muyenera kupita ndi wodwalayo kuchipatala mwachangu, pomwe pali traumatologist ndi makina a X-ray.

Kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala

Chithandizo chamasulidwe chimakhala ndi njira yakukhazikitsira mwendo ndikuupatsa mawonekedwe achilengedwe. Kuchepetsa kumatha kutsekedwa - popanda kuchitidwa opareshoni, ndikutseguka, ndiye kuti, kudzera pobowola.

Ndizosatheka kupereka upangiri wina uliwonse wazomwe mungachite ndi momwe mungachitire ndi phazi losweka kunyumba, chifukwa simungathe kuchita popanda thandizo la traumatologist wodziwa. Atakonza kusokonekera, atha kukupatsani malingaliro pazomwe mungachite phazi litasunthidwa kuti libwezeretse ntchito zamagalimoto posachedwa.

Pambuyo pa njira zochepetsera, bandeji yokonzekera imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kwa milungu inayi mpaka miyezi iwiri. Musadabwe kuti mukakonza phazi lakumunsi, chopingacho chidzagwiritsidwa mpaka gawo lachitatu la ntchafu - bondo litakhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira, popeza njira yoyendera ndi bondo lokhazikika ndiyowopsa pamagulu.

Dislocation kuchira

Pambuyo pochotsa kulepherako, njira yokonzanso imayambira - kuphatikiza pang'onopang'ono minofu yolimba pantchitoyo. Muyenera kuyamba ndikusuntha, koma osathandizidwa ndi gawo lovulala.

Kuti mubwezeretse kuchuluka kwa mafupa pamalo ovulala, muyenera kuyenda pang'ono tsiku lililonse, kukulitsa pang'onopang'ono.

Pofuna kubwezeretsanso kuyenda kwa miyendo, timapereka zochitika zingapo zothandiza. Kuti muchite izi, mufunika kachingwe kokhala ndi mphete yomangirira ndi lamba wolumikizira tendon ya Achilles. Timayika khafu pamalo oyerekeza mafupa a metatarsal. Timakonza lamba wodutsa tendon ya Achilles pamwamba pa chidendene. Timagona pamphasa, ndikuyika zala zathu pa benchi yolimbitsa thupi. Njira zitatu zotsatirazi:

Timakhala matako pafupi ndi chipika. Timagwiritsa ntchito cholemera pang'ono (osapitirira 10 kg) pa mphete yokonzera kuchokera kumunsi. Timachita kupindika pamagulu mpaka kumapeto kwa mwendo ndikutentha kwamphamvu.
Timaima chammbali ndi chipikacho (chipikacho chikuyenera kukhala mbali ya chala chachikulu). Timamangirira zolemera (zosaposa 5 kg) ndikutchula phazi. Kenako, timasintha malowo kuti bwalolo likhale pambali ya chala chaching'ono ndikuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kulemera kwake kwa zolemera kumafanana ndi potchula.
Ntchito yotsatira ndi zala zakumiyendo. Itha kuchitidwa kuchokera pamalo ataimirira pansi, kuyimirira pamiyala, kapena pamalo pomwe mwakhala. Pamapeto pake, mawondo ndi mafupa a m'chiuno amayenera kupindika mbali ya madigiri 90, mapazi akhale pansi. Mutha kuyika cholemera pang'ono pamaondo anu. Timanyamula zala zakumaso ndikudula zidendene.
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Kuphatikiza pa machitidwe omwe afotokozedwa pokhazikitsa phazi pambuyo povulala kunyumba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina ndi njira zosakonzedweratu: falitsani mpira ndi phazi lanu, kubwereranso kumbuyo ndi chopukutira, ndi zina zambiri.