Niacin (Vitamini B3) - Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Izi

Nicotinic acid, PP kapena niacin ndi vitamini B3 yomwe imabwera m'mitundu iwiri: nyama ndi mbewu. Ngati tikulankhula za gwero la nyama, ndiye kuti tili ndi nicotinamide, ngati tikulankhula za zomera - nicotinic acid. B3 imapangidwa ndi thupi la munthu kuchokera ku amino acid tryptophan pang'ono.

Niacin ndiyofunika kwambiri mthupi. Amachita nawo zamadzimadzi zamadzimadzi, kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, njira zopangira redox, kukonza shuga ndi cholesterol. Palibe zofanana ndi B3. Mosadabwitsa, kusinthasintha kulikonse kwamagazi kumawonekera nthawi yomweyo ndipo kumafunikira kusanja.

Physiology

Ngakhale kuti niacin imakhudzidwa ndi njira zambiri zofunika pamoyo, ndikofunikira kwambiri monga chothandizira kupewetsa mpweya ndi kuchepa kwa thupi. Imatha kutentha mafuta ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa minofu ndikubwezeretsanso. Izi zimangopangitsa kuti azisewera kwambiri ndi kagayidwe kake ka mafuta m'thupi.

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi guarantor motsutsana ndi matenda oopsa, matenda ashuga, thrombosis.

B3 imayesa maselo amitsempha popewa migraines. Zimathandizanso kugwira ntchito kwa chubu lokugaya. Nicotinamide ndi nicotinic acid amatenga nawo gawo pakupuma kwa minofu ndi kaphatikizidwe ka hemoglobin.

Mahomoni amunthu amadaliranso niacin. Popanda icho, kaphatikizidwe ka insulin, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, cortisone, progesterone sikutheka. Mwanjira ina, niacin imathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi minofu poyang'anira amino acid metabolism. Mu mankhwala othandiza, chithandizo cha polyarthritis ndi matenda ashuga, matenda amtima sangaganiziridwe popanda iwo.

Ngati mungolemba mwachidule ntchito zonse zomwe zidachitika ndi asidi, mumapeza mndandanda wokongola kwambiri. PP:

• magwiridwe apakompyuta;
• amachotsa cholesterol "choyipa";
• limakupatsani ntchito chuma nkhokwe;
• kumapangitsa kuphatikiza kwa mapuloteni azomera;
• amachepetsa mitsempha ya magazi;
• amasintha tsitsi, misomali, khungu, kuwongolera zakudya zawo komanso mpweya wabwino;
• normalizes zithunzi;
• amachotsa thupi;
• amachepetsa chifuwa;
• amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa maselo abwinobwino kukhala khansa.

Katundu wa niacin amalola kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiritsa komanso pamasewera.

Niacin ndi othamanga

M'masewera, mwayi wotere wa niacin umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuthekera kokulitsa ma capillaries aubongo, kuchepa magazi, kupewa magazi kuundana, kuchepetsa kutupa, kudya, komanso kukhudza kukumbukira ndi kulumikizana kwa mayendedwe. Mwanjira ina, ndi pamasewera pomwe momwe thupi limathandizira kuchepetsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni, momwe zimakhalira ndi moyo wanthawi zonse, ndizofunika.

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa vitamini B3 kumathandizira kuti makutidwe ndi okosijeni azichira. Imagwira ngati chothandizira kufulumizitsa njirazi.

Mwachizolowezi, izi zikutanthauza kuti chimbudzi cha zinthu zomwe zimalowa m'thupi zimayenda bwino, ndiye kuti, mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya - zomanga zamaselo, ziwalo, ziwalo - zimayamwa mwachangu momwe zingathere. Amalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo pamlingo wokulira ndipo amanyamulidwa mthupi lonse.

Mothandizidwa ndi niacin, zakudya zamagulu zimakonzedwa m'njira zonse: magazi amayendetsedwa mwachangu, mpweya wambiri umaperekedwa kumaselo, njira zamagetsi zimalimbikitsidwa. Zotsatira zake, kutukuka kwa minofu kumakula, kupirira komanso kuchita masewera othamanga kumawonjezeka.

Zomwe thupi limachita zimathamanga kwambiri. Pakulimbitsa thupi, kupopera kumapangitsidwanso bwino - kumverera kokhazikika kwa kukulira kwa minofu, chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwamagazi kwambiri. Minofu imakulira voliyumu, imatha kutengera zojambula za venous. Zonsezi zimachitika mwachilengedwe.

Kujambula mitsempha ndizosatheka popanda kuchuluka kwa lipids mthupi. Chifukwa chake B3 amachotsa mafuta. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa ndiye gawo lalikulu la lipid metabolism, limachotsa "cholesterol" choyipa, ndiye kuti, limamasula thupi m'malo osungira mafuta osafunikira.

Koma nicotinamide kapena PP ili ndi vuto limodzi. Zimakhudza minofu yamtima mopitirira muyeso. Zoposa 100 mg ya niacin ndizoletsa. Ngati titaiwala za izi, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wamafuta kumachepa kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake kuchepa kwa myocardiamu kudzacheperanso.

Kuphatikizanso apo, kulephera kwa kagayidwe ka mafuta kumabweretsa kuyika kwa "cholesterol" choyipa ngati mapangidwe a atherosclerotic pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zidzasintha kufalikira kwawo ndi kutanuka. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins m'magazi kumayamba kuchuluka, kuwopseza matenda oopsa komanso kukula kwa thrombosis.

Gome lodyera tsiku lililonse

Niacin, monga vitamini wina aliyense, imadya tsiku lililonse, kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma calories omwe amalandila kuchokera pachakudya. Kwa 1000 Kcal - pafupifupi 6.6 mg PP.

Kuperewera kwa niacin kumabweretsa zizindikilo izi:

• khungu lowuma, losalala;
• dyspepsia, kudzimbidwa;
• aphthae m'kamwa;
• kusowa chilakolako;
• kufooka, kumva kutopa, malaise, kufooka;
• mantha, irritability;
• kulakalaka zakudya zamafuta ambiri, maswiti;
• kutha msanga.

Kodi PP akuwonetsedwa ndikomwe sakuwonetsedwa?

Ngati tikulankhula za zisonyezo ndi zotsutsana, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kusiyanitsa pakati pawo zamankhwala ndi masewera.

Mu mankhwala, niacin imasonyezedwa kwa:

• mavuto ndi dongosolo lamtima;
• matenda a shuga;
• kunenepa kwambiri;
• kusokonezeka kwa magazi;
• kusowa magazi;
• kusowa kwa vitamini;
• matenda am'mimba;
• magwiridwe antchito amanjenje;
• osachiritsika kusintha khungu, tsitsi, misomali;
• kupewa zotupa.

Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti niacin imangogwira ntchito pazovuta zokha. Amathandizanso othamanga m'njira zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi nicotinic acid, ndibwino kuti muchepetse thupi pochotsa pang'ono chifukwa cha makutidwe ndi okosijeni amafuta owopsa.

Pakukweza weight, B3 imateteza mafupa ku nyamakazi ndi arthrosis pochotsa zopitilira muyeso zaulere ndikulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa mafupa ndi minyewa. Pomaliza, PP imathandizira kukula kwa minofu kudzera magazi, kupatsa thanzi komanso kupatsa oxygen.

Palibe zotsutsana zambiri za niacin. Sikoyenera kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikilo:

• tsankho;
• chifuwa;
• atherosclerosis;
• matenda oopsa;
• anam`peza erosive zako mu matumbo;
• gout;
• kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi;
• matenda ashuga.

Sikoyenera kumwa niacin panthawi yoyembekezera ndi kuyamwitsa.

Malangizo ntchito

Niacin amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi, niacin amatengedwa ndi othamanga 0,02 g katatu patsiku, atatha kudya.

Ngati tikulankhula za matenda, mlingowo amawerengedwa ndi dokotala ndipo zimadalira mtundu wa chithandizo cha matendawa.

Malamulo ovomerezeka ndi awa:

• muyezo mlingo - 20 mg, tsiku ndi tsiku mlingo - 1 g, pazipita - 6 g;
• imwani mitundu yolimba yokhala ndi madzi ambiri;
• imwani mkaka wambiri, womwe umachepetsa zotsatira za mankhwalawa pamatumbo am'mimba;
• Komanso tengani ascorbic acid, yomwe imachotsa niacin mthupi;
• kulandila kumene, osati nthawi imodzi.

Kunenepa kwambiri

B3 siyingadziwike ngati chowotchera mafuta m'njira yake yoyera. Sichilimbikitsa kuwonda pawokha, koma imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake kake kotero kuti kamapangitsa kupanga kapamba wam'mimba ndi serotonin, hormone yachisangalalo. Kuphatikizika kwa kumapeto kumayambitsidwa ndi insulini, ndipo chakudya chofulumira chimalimbikitsa.

Mwachizoloŵezi, izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi kusowa kwa PP, kusowa kwa serotonin kumachitika, komwe kumakhala kosavuta m'malo ndi makeke ndi chokoleti. Zotsatira zake - mapaundi owonjezera. Ubwino wa niacin ndikuchepetsa kulakalaka zakudya zowuma ndi maswiti.

Zimapezeka kuti serotonin yambiri m'thupi, kufunika kochepa kwa chakudya ndi zakudya zopatsa mphamvu. Ndipo amayesa mulingo wa katulutsidwe ka timadzi tachimwemwe niacin.

Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu, kuwonjezeka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse makilogalamu 7 m'miyezi ingapo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti niacin si njira yothetsera mavuto onse, imathandizira, ndiye kuti, imathandizira mafuta, koma sichiwononga mapaundi owonjezera. Amachotsa mafuta - chakudya chamagulu ndi kuyenda.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Ngakhale kuti niacin ndi vitamini, imaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa othandizira mankhwala. Mavitamini ndi mankhwala ngati mavitamini amakhala ndi zovuta zawo. Nthawi zina amakhala okhwima kwambiri ndipo amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosaganizira chilichonse. Ambiri ndi awa:

• erythema ya khungu ndi kutentha;
• mutu wopepuka ndi chizungulire;
• totupa pakhungu ndi ntchofu;
• kutsika kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Chovuta kwambiri ndikutsika kwa magazi, komwe kumatha kubweretsa kugwa ndi kumangidwa kwa mtima. Zotsatira zonse zoyipa zimawonekera atangotenga niacin. Amakhudzana ndi zotsatira za vitamini pamitsempha yamagazi. Amatha vasodilate. Kutulutsa magazi kumayambitsa matenda a hypotension. Mofananamo, ma hepatocyte a chiwindi ndi kapamba kapangidwe kanyumba amatha kugwira ntchito molakwika, zomwe zingayambitse kusinthasintha kwa magazi m'magazi. Zonse pamodzi zingayambitse kukomoka kapena kutayika. Chifukwa chake, kudya mosalamulirika kwa niacin ndikotsutsana mosamalitsa. Makamaka hypotensive.

Mlingo wake uyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Mankhwala akatha, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umabwerera mwakale wokha. Pakugwa, pamafunika ambulansi.

Zizindikiro za zomwe zingayambitse matenda zingakhale hyperthermia ya mikono ndi miyendo, kufiira kwa khola ndi khosi. Izi ndi zizindikiro zoyamba zavuto mukatenga mankhwala a niacin. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikutulutsa kwa histamine m'magazi. Izi ziyenera kuyimitsidwa ndi antihistamines yogwira ntchito mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa zabwino za B3, kuwonongeka mwachindunji kungathenso.

Onerani kanemayo: Prof. Dr. Canan Karatay D vitaminin faydalarını anlatıyor (November 2024).