Thumba la Achilles ndi lamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi la munthu ndipo limatha kupirira katundu wambiri. Amagwirizanitsa minofu ya ng'ombe ndi calcaneus, motero amatchedwanso calcaneus tendon. Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, gawo ili la thupi lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chovulala, chomwe chimafala kwambiri ndi mavuto a tendon ya Achilles. Ulusi umatha ndipo umatha. Kupweteka kwakuthwa kumaboola mwendo, kumafufuma, komanso khungu limasintha. Ngati mukumane ndi izi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Pofuna kumvetsetsa mtundu wovulalawo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisanthule ndi ultrasound, MRI scan, ndi x-ray.
Makhalidwe ovulala
Thumba la Achilles limapangidwa ndi ulusi wolimba kwambiri wamapangidwe olimba. Sakhala otanuka mokwanira, chifukwa chake, pakavulala, amakonda kutambasula ndikung'amba. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa othamanga omwe amaphunzitsa pafupipafupi.
Chifukwa cha tendon iyi, titha:
- Thamangani.
- Dumpha.
- Yendani masitepe.
- Toe mmwamba.
Thumba la Achilles mu minofu ndi mafupa limakhala chida chachikulu pakukweza chidendene pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, limapangidwa ndi minofu iwiri yayikulu: the soleus and gastrocnemius. Ngati atenga mwadzidzidzi, monga kuthamanga, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kumenya, tendon imatha kusweka. Ndicho chifukwa chake othamanga amatenthetsa gululi musanaphunzire. Ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti "kuyamba kozizira" kudzachitika, mwanjira ina - minofu yosakonzekera ndi ma tendon alandila katundu wamkulu kuposa momwe angavomerezere, zomwe zingayambitse kuvulala.
Sprains ndimatenda anthawi zonse othamanga, ovina, ophunzitsa zolimbitsa thupi komanso anthu ena omwe miyoyo yawo imalumikizidwa ndikusunthika komanso kupsinjika.
Chithunzi chachipatala chovulala
Kutambasula kwa tendon ya Achilles kumatsagana ndi kupindika kosasangalatsa komanso kupweteka kwakumbuyo kwa mwendo, kumatha kukhala koopsa kotero kuti wovulalayo atha kukomoka chifukwa chakumva kupweteka. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, chotupa chimapezeka m'malo ano. Ulusi wambiri ukasweka, umakanikiza mathero a mitsempha, ndipo kupweteka kumawonjezeka.
Zizindikiro za kutambasula zimadalira kuuma kwake ndipo zingaphatikizepo izi:
- kukha magazi kapena pang'onopang'ono kukula hematoma;
- kuchulukitsa kutupa kuchokera kumapazi mpaka ku akakolo;
- kupezeka kwa kulephera m'dera lam'mbuyo lamankhwala okhala ndi gulu lonse la tendon;
- kusowa kwamphamvu pamapazi.
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Pakuwunika koyambirira, traumatologist amawunika kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndikumverera ndikusinthasintha phazi. Zoterezi ndizopweteka kwambiri, koma zitha kuthandiza kudziwa kukula kwa bondo.
Thandizo loyamba kutambasula
Ndi kuvulala phazi, palibe chifukwa choti muyenera kudziyesa nokha ndikudziyesa nokha. Njira zosasankhidwa molondola ndipo, chifukwa chake, tendon yosalumikizidwa silingalole masewera athunthu ndipo imatha kupweteka ndi kusapeza nthawi yayitali. Ngati papezeka chovulala, muyenera kuyimbira foni msanga kapena kupita naye kuchipatala.
Asanawonekere katswiri, mwendo uyenera kusunthidwa ndipo kagwiritsidwe kamafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera kuchita izi ndi chala chakutali. Ngati mulibe zida zofunikira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bandeji yotanuka kuti mukonze chiwalo, ndikuyikapo cholumikizira cholimba pansi pake kuti madzi azituluka.
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Kuti muchepetse ululu, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Mapiritsi oletsa kutupa (Nise, Diclofenac, Nurofen ndi ena) ndi antihistamines (Tavegil, Suprastin, Tsetrin, ndi zina zotero). Ngati sanayandikire, mutha kumwa zothetsa ululu (Analgin, Paracetamol).
- Phokoso losweka la ayezi kapena paketi yozizira yazachipatala. Woyamba kapena wachiwiri ayenera kukulungidwa ndi nsalu kuti apewe kutentha kwa thupi. Kutalika kwa chiwonetsero sikuyenera kupitilira mphindi 15 pa ola limodzi.
- Mowa wothandizila m'mbali mwa mabala pakawonongeka pakhungu ndi bandeji wosabala kuti muteteze ku matenda.
Kuzindikira
Ndi dokotala (traumatologist kapena orthopedist) yekhayo amene angadziwe kuopsa kwake ndikuzindikira kuvulala kwa tendon poyesa kuyesa kwa chiwalo. Monga lamulo, X-ray imachitidwa kwa wozunzidwayo kuti athetse kapena kutsimikizira kupezeka kwaphokoso. Ngati palibe kusweka, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange MRI kapena CT scan kuti mumvetsetse kuwonongeka kwa ulusi, mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha ndi minyewa.
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Kukonzanso
Kutalika kwa nthawi yokonzanso kumadalira momwe tendon yawonongeka. Mulimonsemo, wozunzidwayo amapatsidwa ziyangoyango za mafupa ngati boti lapadera lokhala ndi chidendene cha masentimita atatu. Zolimba izi zitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa tendon, komanso zitha kupititsa patsogolo kusunthira kumbuyo kwa phazi ndikufulumizitsa kuchira.
Pofuna kuchepetsa ululu, madokotala amapereka mankhwala opatsirana opweteka monga ma gels kapena mafuta. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popota pang'ono. Amathandizira kutupa, kusintha kusinthika kwa maselo, kuchepetsa kupweteka, kupewa zovuta ndikusiya kutupa.
Ngakhale phazi ndilokhazikika, ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa ndi kulimbitsa minofu ya akakolo. Thandizo lakuthupi lithandizira ndi izi. Maphunziro amayamba pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, wodwalayo amasinthana ndikumafinya minofu, ndikulimbikitsa kwamankhwala, kugwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi - kutembenuka, kusinthana zala ndi zidendene poyenda, squats.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchira kumaphatikizanso njira za physiotherapy, zomwe zafotokozedwa patebulo.
| Njira zolimbitsa thupi | Mphamvu yazachipatala komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito |
| Chithandizo cha UHF | Tsamba lovulalirali limapezeka m'magawo amagetsi okhala ndi ma frequency oscillation a 40.68 MHz kapena 27.12 MHz, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo azikonzanso ndikusintha magazi. |
| Magnetotherapy | Zimakhala ndi mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imathandizira kuchiritsa mwachangu ovulala. Ili ndi mphamvu ya analgesic. |
| Mankhwala a Ozokerite ndi parafini | Ozokerite ndi (kapena) parafini amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo owonongeka m'magawo angapo. Izi zimalimbikitsa kutentha kwanthawi yayitali kwamatumba, komwe kumapangitsa kuti michere iziyenda m'matumba ovulala. |
| Electrophoresis | Matenda a Achilles amawoneka pamagetsi amagetsi nthawi zonse kuti apititse patsogolo mankhwala. Anesthetics, chondroprotectors, calcium calcium ndi jakisoni wotsutsa-kutupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. |
| Kutulutsa kwamagetsi | Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi, kubwezeretsa kamvekedwe ka minofu ya gastrocnemius kumathamanga. |
| Mankhwala a Laser | Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya laser kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa tendon yovulala, kuchotsa edema ndi mabala. Ili ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi zotupa komanso zotupa. |
Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito
Kuvulala koopsa, monga kuphulika kwathunthu kwa tendon, opaleshoni imafunika. Pachifukwachi, kudula kumapangidwira pamalo owonongeka, momwe ulusi wowonongeka umasokonekera. Pambuyo pake, bala limakonzedwa ndikupukutidwa, ndikuthira chitsulo kapena pulasitala.
Ntchitoyi ikhoza kukhala yotseguka kapena yochepa. Opaleshoni yotseguka imasiya chilonda chotalika, koma mwayi wake ndi mwayi wopita kumalo ovulalawo. Ndi opaleshoni yocheperako, chekecho ndi chaching'ono, koma pali chiopsezo chowonongeka pamitsempha ya sural, yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto pakumapazi kwa phazi.
Zovuta
Ngati kutambasula kuli kokwanira ndipo kuchitira opaleshoni sikofunika, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha zovuta ndizochepa. Chachikulu sikuti tiwulule mwendowo kwambiri, ndikuchedwetsa maphunziro kwakanthawi, pomwe miyendo imakhudzidwa.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, nthawi zambiri, zovuta zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika:
- Matenda opatsirana.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya sural.
- Kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Nekrosisi.
Ubwino wosatsutsika wamankhwala opangira opaleshoni ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chobowola mobwerezabwereza. Mitambo yodzipangira yokha imatha kuwonongeka kumene. Chifukwa chake, ndikuvulala kotere, anthu omwe amalumikizidwa mosagwirizana ndi masewera, ndibwino kuti achite opareshoni kuposa kudikirira kuti ulusi wa tendon ukule pawokha.
Tambasula nthawi yochiritsa
Kuthamanga kwa machiritso a kuvulala kwa tendon ya Achilles kumadalira pazinthu zambiri: kuopsa kwa kuvulala, msinkhu wa wovulalayo, kupezeka kwa matenda osachiritsika, liwiro lofuna chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso mtundu wa chithandizo choyamba.
- Pakatambasula pang'ono, machiritso amapezeka mwachangu komanso mopanda ululu, ulusiwo umabwezeretsedwanso m'masabata 2-3.
- Kuwonongeka kocheperako kowonongeka ndikutuluka kwa theka la ulusi kumachiritsa kuyambira 1 mpaka 1.5 miyezi.
- Kutulutsa kwa ulusi pambuyo pa ntchito ndikutha kwathunthu kumatha miyezi iwiri.
Ochita masewera othamanga ayenera kukumbukira kuti ngakhale atavulala pang'ono ndi tendon, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse katundu pamiyendo, poteteza vutoli kuti lisakulireko.
