Mavitamini ndi gulu lalikulu lazinthu zosiyanasiyana, koma zogwirizana ndi chinthu chimodzi - thupi liyenera kulandira zinthu izi ndi chakudya, chifukwa kapangidwe kake kodziyimira pawokha nkosatheka. Izi zimaphatikizapo folic acid - vitamini B9, folacin, yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito zamagetsi, chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwake kapena kupitilira muyeso kumabweretsa njira zosiyanasiyana zamatenda. Folic acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zamankhwala, komanso pamankhwala amasewera.
Chidule cha Vitamini
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, vitaminiyo inapezeka panthawi yophunzira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Snell ndi Peterson adazindikira kuti mabakiteriya amafunikira mtundu wina wake kuti akule ndikubala, womwe umapezeka sipinachi. Vitamini B9 yatchedwa folic acid chifukwa kupezeka kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi chomera chobiriwira: "folium" - tsamba.
Mgwirizanowu ndi gawo la michere yambiri, motero amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amadzimadzi. Ntchito yofunikira ya folic acid ndikuwongolera kukula ndi kukula kwa maselo. Monga coenzyme, kampaniyi imagwira nawo ntchito popanga ma molekyulu a DNA, omwe ndi thymidine. Ntchitoyi yatsimikiziridwa pa chitsanzo cha kukula kwa bakiteriya pamene asidi akuwonjezeredwa pachikhalidwe.
Folic acid imakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya m'mafupa, ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga magazi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kupanga zinthu zatsopano zamagazi kumachitika chifukwa chogawa msanga komanso kukula kwa maselo. Pazomwe zimachitika, vitamini B9 imafunikira, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatenga nawo gawo pakupanga ma nucleotides ndi DNA kubwereza.
Dzina lodziwika bwino la chinthu "vitamini wamkazi" limafotokozanso ntchito ina yofunika - folic acid mu kuchuluka kofunikira ndikofunikira panthawi yapakati, chifukwa imathandizira magawano abwinobwino a maselo a fetal ndikukula kwawo. Kafukufuku wambiri wazachipatala awonetsa kuti gulu la azimayi omwe atha msinkhu omwe ali ndi mavitamini am'magazi amakhala pachiwopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Choncho, folic acid amakhulupirira kuti amateteza motsutsana ndi mapangidwe owopsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kompositi imathandizanso pakugwiritsa ntchito mundawo m'mimba, imathandizira kuyamwa ndi kukonza mafuta ndi chakudya. Vitamini amatenga gawo pamagetsi amachitidwe a maselo amanjenje. Kupatsidwa folic acid ali angioprotective zotsatira, ndiye kuti amateteza Mitsempha ku zosiyanasiyana kuwonongeka, amachepetsa chiopsezo cha mitima ndi matenda ena.
Vitamini B9 monga coenzyme imathandizira kupanga serotonin, chifukwa chake, pakakhala zovuta zamankhwala, akatswiri azamisala amalamula kuti azidya zovuta zingapo zamankhwala ndi folic acid.
Vitamini nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi othamanga kuti athandize kukula kwa minofu, kukhalabe ndi mantha, komanso kuchepetsa kutopa.
Miyezo
Chifukwa chakuti thupi silingathe kupanga folic acid pawokha, kudya kwake tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikira. Makanda obadwa kumene amafunikira 50 mcg patsiku, pofika chaka chiwerengerocho chimakwera 70 mcg, mwa asanu - mpaka 100 mcg. Kuyambira zaka 11 mpaka 12, mwana amafunika 200 mcg. Chizolowezi cha wamkulu ndi 400 mcg. Komanso, panthawi yoyembekezera, chosowacho chikuwonjezeka ndi 200 mcg, ndiye kuti, mayi amafunika 600 mcg, komanso panthawi yoyamwitsa - 500 mcg.
Zamgululi
Kubwerera mzaka za m'ma 20 zapitazi, zidadziwika kuti mankhwala azakudya, omwe amaphatikizapo yisiti ndi chiwindi, amachiritsa odwala megaloblastic anemia. Kafukufuku wamakono wazindikira kuti zakudya ndizodalirika kwambiri:
- zipatso ndi zotumphukira, makamaka zipatso za citrus;
- masamba - Zipatso za Brussels, sipinachi ndi zakudya zina zobiriwira zokhala ndi mitundu yambiri;
- mbewu zambewu;
- mtedza, ndiwo zamasamba kuchokera ku nyemba ndi nandolo;
- chiwindi cha ng'ombe.
Zowonjezera
Zakudya zowonjezera za folic acid m'thupi zimatha kuperekedwa potenga mankhwala apadera. Ngati munthu alibe mwayi wotsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi vitamini B9, madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa ma vitamini complexes. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala omwe ali ndi folic acid amapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kapena ngati gawo limodzi la chithandizo chamatenda am'mimba, mafupa, komanso pakati. Monga lamulo, ndi kudya kolondola kwa vitamini, zosokoneza sizimawoneka. Kuchuluka bongo kumawonetseredwa ndi nseru, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa, matenda amkodzo, nkhawa, kugona tulo, ndi zizindikilo zina.
Zotsatira zakuchulukirapo, kusowa
Zotsatira zake, hypo- ndi hypervitaminosis zimatha kuchitika mthupi. Matenda onsewa amadziwika ndi kukula kwa chizindikiritso china chazovuta, komanso chiwopsezo kwa thupi lathunthu.
Kuchuluka kwa utoto m'magazi kumachitika:
- Poyanjana ndi njala kapena zakudya zosakwanira zosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kumwa mankhwalawo kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha chakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso mosasamala.
- Chifukwa cha kutentha mankhwala chakudya. Pakakhala kuti zakudya zambiri zimabwera mu mawonekedwe osinthidwa, mulingo wa vitamini B9 m'magazi umatsika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka folic acid ikakumana ndi kutentha, ndiye kuti, vitamini imawonongeka.
- Chifukwa kuphwanya mayamwidwe ake. Kulowa kwa mankhwala kumapezeka m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Matenda ena amachititsa kuchepa kwa matumbo, chifukwa chake kutsika kwa tsamba kudzera m'matumbo am'magazi kumatsika. Hypovitaminosis imachitika motsutsana ndi matenda a Crohn's, ulcerative colitis.
- Chifukwa cha dysbiosis. Zina mwazipangidwezi zimapangidwanso ndi matumbo microflora. Pambuyo pothana ndi maantibayotiki kwa nthawi yayitali kapena matenda am'mbuyomu, kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titha kusokonezeka, chifukwa chake kupanga kwa mankhwala kumachepa.
Kuperewera kwa vitamini B9 kumawonetseredwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa magazi mu mawonekedwe a megaloblastic anemia. Ndi matenda, magazi chimphona maselo megaloblasts kuonekera pa maziko a kuchepa ambiri chiwerengero cha erythrocytes yachibadwa. Matendawa amatsagana ndi kutopa msanga, kusokonekera kwa chopondapo, m'mimba achilia, kuwoneka kodana ndi mbale zanyama, kukula kwa lilime la Hunter's atrophic - zizindikilo zingapo, kuphatikiza zomvekera m'chiwalo chaminyewa, kusintha kwa kukoma ndi mawonekedwe am'matumbo ngati "lilime lacquered". Zotsatira za kukula kwa matendawa ndizosangalatsa myelosis, yomwe imadziwika ndi kusokonekera, kupezeka kwazisokonezo zam'mimba pakhungu, kufooka ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zamiyendo.
Kuchepetsa ndende ya folic acid kumayambitsanso kuwoneka koyera kwa imvi, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe, kutaya padera.
M'zaka za zana la 21, hypovitaminosis ndiyosowa kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa chakukula kwakusintha kwa moyo. Chizindikiro cha kutenga vitamini B9 ndikuletsa kusokonekera kwa fetus panthawi yoyembekezera, komanso kusowa kwa gulu.
Hypervitaminosis akufotokozera ndi ambiri osokoneza bongo vitamini. Pankhaniyi, kuwonongeka kwa impso, ubongo, m'mimba thirakiti kumachitika. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa masamba m'maphunziro azachipatala akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa ntchito za maselo a NK, maselo opha achilengedwe a chitetezo chamthupi. Zigawo za chitetezo cha thupi zimawonetsa zotsatira zowononga, chifukwa chake, hypervitaminosis imawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa.
Chotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito folacin ndi mankhwala a cytostatics kapena anticonvulsants, komanso kusagwirizana pakati pa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala.
Kuyanjana ndi zinthu zina
Kupatsidwa folic acid zimakhudza zochita za cytostatic mankhwala. Woimira ambiri pagululi la mankhwala ndi Methotrexate. Wothandizirayo amagawana maselo mwachangu, amachepetsa ntchito yama cell amthupi. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti azisamalira khansa ndi matenda ena. Limagwirira zake zachokera kuphwanya kwa folic acid metabolism, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito am'magulu am'magazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito Methotrexate munthawi yomweyo ndi mavitamini B9 kuchuluka kwa antitumor effect. Chifukwa chake, folic acid imagwirizana bwino ndi cytostatics.
Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera ndi kuchiza malungo amasokoneza kagayidwe kabwino ka tizilomboto. Chifukwa chake, pakumwa, mavitamini ndi mankhwala samalimbikitsidwa munthawi yomweyo, komabe, pambuyo pothira mankhwala, kusowa kwa kompositi kuyenera kudzazidwanso.
Kutenga mankhwala a anticonvulsant pamaso pa khunyu kapena matenda amisala kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa masamba.
B9 ya amuna
Mothandizidwa ndi utoto, machitidwe ambiri amadzimadzi amadzimadzimadzimadzimadzimodzi, mafuta ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka, omwe ndiofunika kwa amuna omwe amachita nawo masewera.
Vitamini B9 imakhudza magwiridwe antchito amanjenje. Kuperewera kwa mankhwala kumabweretsa kutopa, kukwiya, komanso kukhumudwa. Mwamuna akhoza kuwonetsa chiwawa motsutsana ndi kusowa kwa vitamini.
Powonjezera ntchito ya maselo achilengedwe, folacin imalepheretsa matenda opatsirana ndikupanga maselo owopsa.
Ndi kuyamba kwa kutha msinkhu mwa anyamata, folic acid imathandizira pakugwiritsa ntchito spermatogenesis, komwe kumafunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito azibereka bwino.
Kupatsidwa folic acid kwa akazi
Mbiri yodziwika bwino yofunikira kwambiri kwa amayi. Pakukonzekera kutenga pakati, madokotala amalimbikitsa kukayezetsa magazi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa vitamini. Kuperewera kumatha kubweretsa padera. Monga njira yoletsa kubereka, ma gynecologists amapatsa folic acid pomwe mimba imachitika, popeza mkazi amene ali ndi udindo amafunika micg 200 kuposa folga. Thunthu amatengedwa mogwirizana ndi malangizo. Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira pokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mavitamini, kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kubweretsa zovuta. Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zovuta zimadalira mulingo wa magazi m'magazi.
Kafukufuku wa BioCycle wa 2005-2007 adapeza kuti azimayi omwe anali ndi zakudya zokwanira za vitamini B9 anali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chodzazidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa progesterone ya mahomoni. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa masamba am'magazi a azimayi omwe atha msinkhu kutha msinkhu kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, momwe ntchito yakupha yachilengedwe imachepa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito pamasewera
Vitamini B9 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera akatswiri pa:
- Khola la hematopoiesis. Kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira amadzaza kwathunthu zofunikira za mpweya wa oxygen, kuletsa hypoxia, chifukwa chake njira zazikulu zamagetsi, kuphatikiza kukula kwa minofu, zimathamanga.
- Kusintha zochitika muubongo, kukhalabe wathanzi.
- Kukhazikika kwantchito yam'mimba.
- Limbani kutopa. Kutenga maofesi omwe ali ndi folic acid kumakuthandizani kuti mufulumizitse njira zowakonzera minofu mutalimbikira kwambiri.
Akatswiri othamanga nthawi zonse kuwunika zili vitamini B9 m'magazi, chifukwa kupanda mankhwala kungachititse kuti kuchepa mu zokolola ndi kuwonongeka kwa zotsatira mpikisano.
Zinthu Zochepa
Popeza folic acid imathandizira kuwonongeka kwa chakudya ndi mafuta, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepa thupi msanga. Komabe, kutenga masamba okha sikungabweretse zotsatira zowoneka. Choyambirira, madokotala amalimbikitsa kukayezetsa kwathunthu kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Ngati chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndi moyo wongokhala komanso kusadya zakudya zabwino, katswiriyu adzakupatsani mavitamini B9, kuwonjezera pazinthu zazikuluzikulu. Chinsinsi chochepetsera thupi ndi kuchotsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale wonenepa kwambiri, komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
