Vitamini B12 ndi mavitamini ovuta kwambiri mgulu lawo; idapezeka pofufuza momwe chiwindi chanyama chimadyera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi. Asayansi atatu mu 1934 adalandira Mphotho ya Nobel chifukwa chopezeka ndi vitamini - kuthana ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi.
Mavitamini a B12 amaimiridwa ndi mankhwala angapo: cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin, cobamamide. Koma cyanocobalamin imalowa m'thupi la munthu mokulira ndipo imakhala ndi phindu, ndi momwe ambiri amatchulira vitamini B12 m'njira yopapatiza. Ndi ufa wofiira, sungunuka bwino m'madzi, wopanda fungo, wokhoza kudziunjikira mthupi, wokhazikika m'chiwindi, mapapo, ndulu ndi impso.
Vitamini B12 mtengo
Vitamini amatenga gawo lofunikira pakusamalira thanzi la thupi:
- Imathandizira chitetezo chamthupi.
- Ndiwonso gwero lina lamphamvu.
- Normal kuthamanga kwa magazi, makamaka othandizira odwala a hypotonic.
- Zimayambitsa zochitika zamaganizidwe, zimapangitsa kukumbukira bwino, chidwi.
- Amathandizira kulimbana ndi kukhumudwa, amaletsa kusokonezeka kwamanjenje ndi matenda.
- Zimalimbikitsa kukula bwino kwa thupi, kumayendetsa chilakolako chofuna kudya.
- Amasewera gawo lofunikira popewa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
- Imathandizira zogonana mwa amuna, imakulitsa chonde.
- Amachepetsa kukwiya komanso kukwiya kwamanjenje.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito tulo.
- Imaletsa kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, ndikuwongolera mkhalidwe wake.
Komanso, vitamini B12 Iyamba Kuthamanga kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni, imbaenda kuwonjezeka ndende yake ndi kudzikundikira m'thupi. Zimalimbikitsa kupangidwa kwa maselo ofiira ofiira, omwe ndi gwero lalikulu la mpweya ndi zinthu zina zofunikira m'ziwalo zonse zamkati. Chifukwa cha cyanocobalamin, kuyamwa kwa folic acid ndi nembanemba ya ma neuron ndi erythrocyte kumathamangitsidwa. Vitamini amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri mu kagayidwe kachakudya ndondomeko, imathandizira kagayidwe chakudya ndi mafuta.
Magwero
Vitamini B12 imapangidwa mosadalira m'thupi m'matumbo, koma izi zimachitika pang'ono. Ndi ukalamba, ndi matenda ena kapena ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, gawo lachilengedwe limachepa, thupi limafunikira zowonjezera. Mutha kupeza vitamini ndi chakudya.
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Zamkatimu muzogulitsa:
Mankhwala | μg / 100 g |
Nyama yamphongo | 2-3 |
Ng'ombe | 1,64-5,48 |
Turkey fillet | 1,6-2 |
Carp yophika | 1,5 |
Shirimpi | 1,1 |
Mtima wa nkhuku | 7,29 |
Mamazelo | 12 |
Mkaka | 0,4 |
Nsomba | 1,9 |
Okutapasi | 20 |
Chiwindi cha nkhuku / nkhumba | 16,58/26 |
Mchere wamchere / wosuta | 13/18 |
Nsomba ya makerele | 8,71 |
Zogulitsa mkaka | 0,7 |
Tchizi cholimba | 1,54 |
Cod | 0,91 |
Nyama ya nkhuku | 0,2-0,7 |
Dzira / nkhuku ya nkhuku | 0,89/1,95 |
Chiwerengero cha tsiku ndi tsiku (malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito)
Kudya vitamini B12 tsiku ndi tsiku kumadalira zaka, moyo, mawonekedwe amthupi. Koma asayansi adasinthira lingaliro lazachizolowezi ndipo adapeza phindu lake pamagulu osiyanasiyana:
Gulu lazaka | Avereji ya zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku, mcg / tsiku |
Makanda miyezi 0 mpaka 6 | 0,4 |
Makanda miyezi 7 mpaka 12 | 0,5 |
Ana azaka zapakati pa 1 mpaka 3 | 0,9 |
Ana azaka zapakati pa 4 mpaka 8 | 1,2 |
Ana azaka 9 mpaka 13 zakubadwa | 1,8 |
Akuluakulu azaka 14 | 2,4 |
Amayi apakati ndi omwe akuyamwitsa | 2,6 |
Choperewera
Kuchuluka kwa vitamini koyenera kuti magwiridwe antchito nthawi zonse sikulowa m'thupi. Ndi kusowa kwake, izi zikuwoneka:
- Kulekerera, mphwayi.
- Kusowa tulo.
- Kuchulukitsa kwamanjenje komanso kukwiya.
- Chizungulire.
- Kuchepa kwa magazi motsutsana ndi kuchepa kwa mulingo wa hemoglobin m'magazi.
- Matenda amisala.
- Kuluma pakhungu laling'ono kwambiri pakhungu.
- Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa komanso kutuluka magazi.
- Kugwedezeka.
- Kuwonongeka kwa khungu, pallor.
- Kutayika tsitsi, kufota komanso kufinya.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikilo zingapo, muyenera kuwona dokotala yemwe angakupatseni mayeso ofunikira ndikuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, kenako ndikupatseni mankhwala oyenera kwambiri kuti athetse ndikuchotsa muzu wamavuto.
Werengani zambiri za matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini B12 mu gwero - wikipedia.
Mavitamini owonjezera
Popeza vitamini B12 imasungunuka m'madzi, kuchuluka kwake kumatha kutuluka m'thupi palokha. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito mosalamulira zowonjezera komanso kuphwanya ndalama zolipiridwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumatha kubweretsa zovuta:
- mavuto ndi chopondapo;
- kusokonezeka kwa thirakiti la m'mimba;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- mawonekedwe a totupa pakhungu.
Ngati zizindikirazi zikuchitika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tileke kumwa zowonjezera, pambuyo pake zizindikiritso za bongo zidzatha, ntchito zamthupi zimabwerera mwakale.
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Zikuonetsa ntchito
Vitamini B12 imaperekedwa kuti isinthe mosiyanasiyana mthupi, kuphatikiza zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zakudya zotopetsa komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Amawonetsedwa kuti alandire pamene:
- kusowa magazi;
- matenda a chiwindi, kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a chiwindi;
- chimfine pafupipafupi motsutsana ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo;
- matenda a khungu osiyanasiyana etiologies;
- neuroses ndi matenda ena amanjenje;
- kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi;
- matenda a impso;
- Cerebral palsy, Matenda a Down.
Zotsutsana
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kutenga vitamini B12 ku matenda akulu am'magazi:
- embolism;
- khansa ya m'magazi;
- hemochromatosis.
Simuyenera kumwa mavitamini kwa amayi apakati ndi omwe akuyamwitsa, komanso ana osakwana zaka 18, osakambirana ndi akatswiri. Tsankho laumwini pazinthuzo ndizotheka.
Mogwirizana ndi mankhwala
- Kutenga potaziyamu kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cyanocobalamin, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito izi. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chifukwa chakuti vitamini B12 imatha kudziunjikira ndikukhalabe m'thupi kwakanthawi, kudya potaziyamu pang'ono, ngati akuwonetsedwa ndi zamankhwala, sikungachepetse mavitamini m'magazi.
- Mayamwidwe a cyanocobalamin amachepetsedwa pomwa mankhwala a antihyperlipidemic ndi anti-TB.
- Ascorbic acid imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mavitamini opangidwa m'matumbo, komanso amawongolera m'chipindacho.
Mapiritsi kapena kuwombera?
Vitamini B12 amagulitsidwa ku pharmacy ngati mapiritsi ndi jakisoni. Mitundu yonseyi cholinga chake ndikuthandizira kusowa kwa mavitamini m'thupi, koma, monga lamulo, ndi mapiritsi omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse kuchepa kwa vitamini B12. Amatengedwa m'maphunziro, ndi othandiza pazophwanya zazing'ono zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusowa kwa vitamini, zomwe akuchita ndizotheka kupewa kupezeka kwa mavitamini. Jakisoni amapatsidwa mavitamini otsika kwambiri m'magazi, komanso matenda opatsirana omwe amalepheretsa kupanga.
Cyanocobalamin, yoperekedwa ndi jakisoni, imalowetsedwa mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa sizidalira kupezeka kwa michere yapadera m'mimba ndikulowa m'magazi molunjika, kudutsa gawo logawanika. Kukula kwake kumafikira 90% poyerekeza ndi 70% yomwe imapezeka pakamwa.
Vitamini B12 kwa othamanga
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumabweretsa kuwononga ndalama zambiri pazakudya zonse, kuphatikiza vitamini B12. Kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira, othamanga ayenera kutenga zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Vitamini B12, chifukwa chotenga nawo gawo pama metabolism amadzimadzi, imathandizira kupanga mphamvu zowonjezera pamasewera, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa katundu ndikuwonjezera nthawi yophunzitsira.
Chifukwa chopindulitsa pamachitidwe amanjenje, cyanocobalamin imathandizira kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe kake, imathandizira kuyang'ana magwiridwe antchito olimbitsa thupi, omwe amatheketsa kugwira ntchito mosamala gulu lililonse la minofu.
Mavitamini othandizira ndi othandiza makamaka kwa osadya nyama, chifukwa ambiri amapezeka muzogulitsa nyama.
Zimathandizira osati kungopititsa patsogolo maphunziro, komanso kuchira pampikisano pokhazikitsa dongosolo lamanjenje.
Zowonjezera zisanu Zapamwamba za Vitamini B12
Dzina | Wopanga | Fomu yotulutsidwa | Ntchito | Mtengo | Kuyika chithunzi |
Vitamini B12 | Solgar | Makapisozi 60 oyamwa / 1000 mcg | 1 kapisozi patsiku | 800 rubles | |
B-12 | Tsopano Zakudya | 250 lozenges / 1000 μg | 1 lozenge patsiku | 900 ma ruble | |
Neurobion | CHIFUNDO | Ampoules / 100 mg | 1 ampoule patsiku | Ma ruble 300 pama ampoules atatu | ![]() |
Mapiritsi / 200 mcg | 3 pa tsiku piritsi 1 | Ma ruble a 330 mapiritsi 20 | ![]() | ||
Neurovitan | Al-Hikma | Matenda 30 / 0.25 mg | Piritsi 1 mpaka 4 patsiku | 170 rubles | |
Cyanocobalamin | Chomera cha Borisov, Belarus | Ampoules a 1 ml / 500 mcg | Kuchokera 1 ampoule patsiku kutengera matenda | 35 rubles kwa ampoules 10. | ![]() |