Masiku ano, masewera othamanga ndi masewera otchuka kwambiri, omwe akuchulukirachulukira tsiku lililonse, popeza makolo amapatsa achinyamata othamanga masewerawa. Koma, monga pamasewera aliwonse, pali mndandanda wamagulu ena pamasewera aliwonse.
Masewera othamanga, miyezo yothamanga
Musanayambe maphunziro owonjezera, muyenera kudziwa bwino malamulo ndi malamulo oyambilira, komanso mupeze zomwe zikuwonetsa pamasewerawa. Umu ndi momwe nkhaniyi ilili lero, tiyeni tiyambe.
Mbiri
Athletics ndimasewera a Olimpiki omwe adayamba ku Greece Yakale, yomwe, njira yake, ngati masewera osiyana, idayamba mu 776 BC. Inde, mdziko lamakono lino kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti malangizowa akudzikumbutsa okha mu 1789 ndipo lero ndi amodzi mwamaphunziro olemekezeka a Olimpiki.
Oyang'anira owongolera
Mabungwe omwe amayang'anira masewerawa ndikuwongolera zochitika zake ndi monga:
- Msonkhano wa European Athletics.
- Athletics Association ku United States of America.
- Msonkhano Wonse wa Russian Athletics.
Kutulutsa miyezo kwa amuna
Ganizirani zomwe amuna ayenera kutsata.
Thamangani
| Kutalikirana (mita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,1 | 6,3 | 6,6 | 7,0 | 7,4 | 8,0 |
| 60 | — | — | 6,8 | 7,1 | 7,4 | 7,8 | 8,2 | 8,7 | 9,3 |
| 100 | — | — | 10,7 | 11,2 | 11,8 | 12,7 | 13,4 | 14,2 | 15,2 |
| 200 | — | — | 22,0 | 23,0 | 24,2 | 25,6 | 28,0 | 30,5 | 34,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 34,5 | 37,0 | 40,0 | 43,0 | 47,0 | 53,0 | 59,0 |
| 400 | — | — | 49,5 | 52,0 | 56,0 | 1:00,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:15,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:22,0 | 1:27,0 | 1:33,0 | 1:40,0 | 1:46,0 | 1:54,0 | 2:05,0 |
| 800 | — | 1:49,0 | 1:53,5 | 1:59,0 | 2:10,0 | 2:20,0 | 2:30,0 | 2:40,0 | 2:50,0 |
| 1000 | 2:18,0 | 2:21,0 | 2:28,0 | 2:36,0 | 2:48,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:35,0 | 4:00,0 |
| 1500 | 3:38,0 | 3:46,0 | 3:54,5 | 4:07,5 | 4:25,0 | 4:45,0 | 5:10,0 | 5:30,0 | 6:10,0 |
| 1600 | 3:56,0 | 4:03,5 | 4:15,0 | 4:30,0 | 4:47,0 | 5:08,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 7:52,0 | 8:05,0 | 8:30,0 | 9:00,0 | 9:40,0 | 10:20,0 | 11:00,0 | 12:00,0 | 13:20,0 |
| 5000 | 13:27,0 | 14:00,0 | 14:40,0 | 15:30,0 | 16:35,0 | 17:45,0 | 19:00,0 | 20:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 28:10,0 | 29:25,0 | 30:35,0 | 32:30,0 | 34:40,0 | 38:00,0 | — | — | — |
Msewu waukulu ukuyenda
| Mtunda (makilomita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III |
| 21.0975km (theka lampikisano) | 1:02:30 | 1:05:30 | 1:08:30 | 1:11:30 | 1:15:00 | 1:21:00 |
| 15k | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42,195 | 2:13:00 | 2:20:00 | 2:28:00 | 2:37:00 | 2:50:00 | malizitsani mtunda |
| Mpikisano wa tsiku ndi tsiku maola 24 | 250 | 240 | 220 | 190 | — | — |
| 100km | 6:40:00 | 6:55:00 | 7:20:00 | 7:50:00 | malizitsani mtunda | — |
Mtanda
| Mtunda (makilomita) | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 1 | 2:38 | 2:50 | 3:02 | 3:17 | 3:37 | 4:02 |
| 2 | 5:45 | 6:10 | 6:35 | 7:00 | 7:40 | 8:30 |
| 3 | 9:05 | 9:45 | 10:25 | 11:05 | 12:05 | 13:25 |
| 5 | 15:40 | 16:45 | 18:00 | 19:10 | 20:40 | — |
| 8 | 25:50 | 27:30 | 29:40 | 31:20 | — | — |
| 10 | 32:50 | 35:50 | 38:20 | — | — | — |
| 12 | 40:00 | 43:00 | 47:00 | — | — | — |
Kuyenda masewera
| Kutalikirana (mita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 12:45 | 13:40 | 14:50 | 16:00 | 17:00 | 18:00 | 19:00 |
| 5000 | — | — | 21:40 | 22:50 | 24:40 | 27:30 | 29:00 | 31:00 | 33:00 |
| 20000 | 1:21:30 | 1:29:00 | 1:35:00 | 1:41:00 | 1:50:00 | 2:03:00 | — | — | — |
| 35000 | 2:33:00 | 2:41:00 | 2:51:00 | 3:05:00 | Ndikofunika kumaliza | — | — | — | — |
| 50000 | 3:50:00 | 4:20:00 | 4:45:00 | 5:15:00 | Ndikofunika kumaliza | — | — | — | — |
Chifukwa chake, apa tafufuza zisonyezo zazikulu za amuna pamalangizo awa. Chabwino, tsopano ndikofunikira kupita pamiyeso yakugonana, chifukwa, monga mukudziwa, pamasewera, amakhala ndiudindo wapamwamba.
Miyezo yotulutsa azimayi
Ganizirani zomwe amayi amafunika kutsata.
Thamangani
| Kutalikirana (mita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,9 | 7,3 | 7,7 | 8,2 | 8,6 | 9,3 |
| 60 | — | — | 7,6 | 8,0 | 8,4 | 8,9 | 9,4 | 9,9 | 10,5 |
| 100 | — | — | 12,3 | 13,0 | 13,8 | 14,8 | 15,8 | 17,0 | 18,0 |
| 200 | — | — | 25,3 | 26,8 | 28,5 | 31,0 | 33,0 | 35,0 | 37,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 40,0 | 42,0 | 45,0 | 49,0 | 53,0 | 57,0 | — |
| 400 | — | — | 57,0 | 1:01,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:16,0 | 1:22,0 | 1:28,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:36,0 | 1:42,0 | 1:49,0 | 1:57,0 | 2:04,0 | 2:13,0 | 2:25,0 |
| 800 | — | 2:05,0 | 2:14,0 | 2:24,0 | 2:34,0 | 2:45,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:30,0 |
| 1000 | 2:36,5 | 2:44,0 | 2:54,0 | 3:05,0 | 3:20,0 | 3:40,0 | 4:00,0 | 4:20,0 | 4:45,0 |
| 1500 | 4:05,5 | 4:17,0 | 4:35,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:40,0 | 6:05,0 | 6:25,0 | 7:10,0 |
| 1600 | 4:24,0 | 4:36,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:37,0 | 6:03,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 8:52,0 | 9:15,0 | 9:54,0 | 10:40,0 | 11:30,0 | 12:30,0 | 13:30,0 | 14:30,0 | 16:00,0 |
| 5000 | 15:20,0 | 16:10,0 | 17:00,0 | 18:10,0 | 19:40,0 | 21:20,0 | 23:00,0 | 24:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 32:00,0 | 34:00,0 | 35:50,0 | 38:20,0 | 41:30,0 | 45:00,0 | — | — | — |
Msewu waukulu ukuyenda
| Mtunda (makilomita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III |
| 21.0975km (theka lampikisano) | 1:13:00 | 1:17:00 | 1:21:00 | 1:26:00 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 |
| 15 | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42.195 (mpikisano) | 2:32:00 | 2:45:00 | 3:00:00 | 3:15:00 | 3:30:00 | Ndikofunika kumaliza |
| Mpikisano wa tsiku ndi tsiku maola 24 | 210 | 200 | 160 | 10 | — | — |
| 100km | 7:55:00 | 8:20:00 | 9:05:00 | 9:40:00 | malizitsani mtunda | — |
Mtanda
| Mtunda (makilomita) | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 1 | 3:07 | 3:22 | 3:42 | 4:02 | 4:22 | 4:42 |
| 2 | 6:54 | 7:32 | 8:08 | 8:48 | 9:28 | 10:10 |
| 3 | 10:35 | 11:35 | 12:35 | 13:35 | 14:35 | 16:05 |
| 5 | 14:28 | 15:44 | 17:00 | 18:16 | 19:40 | — |
| 6 | 22:30 | 24:00 | 26:00 |
Kuyenda masewera
| Kutalikirana (mita) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Ine | II | III | Ine (th) | II (TH) | Wachitatu (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 14:20 | 15:20 | 16:30 | 17:50 | 19:00 | 20:30 | 22:00 |
| 5000 | — | 23:00 | 24:30 | 26:00 | 28:00 | 30:30 | 33:00 | 35:30 | 38:00 |
| 10000 | 46:30 | 48:30 | 51:30 | 55:00 | 59:00 | 1:03:00 | 1:08:00 | — | — |
| 20000 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 | 1:47:00 | 1:55:00 | 2:05:00 | Ndikofunika kumaliza | — | — | — |
Monga mukuwonera, azimayi ali ndi miyezo yosavuta kuposa amuna. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti, malinga ndi ziwerengero, nthawi zambiri azimayi ndi omwe amalandila mutu wa masewera.
Miyezo ya Olimpiki, World ndi European Championship
Zachidziwikire, kwa wothamanga aliyense wodzilemekeza, Olimpiki, komanso makamaka World and European Championship, ndiye chosintha pamasewera ake ndipo ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale komanso mozama.
Koma, zenizeni za mpikisano wotere ndizoti miyezo yeniyeni imangopezeka patsiku lokhala ndi zisanachitike, palibe m'modzi m'modzi yemwe amadziwa za masewera omwe akuyenera kukwaniritsa. Chifukwa chake, ngwazi yamtsogolo imangodziphunzitsa molingana ndi zikhalidwe zonse ndikukhulupirira kuti apambana pa Olimpiki ndi mpikisano wina!
Monga mukuwonera, ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa ndi kupeza miyezo yothamanga kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa cha maphunziro ataliatali komanso otopetsa, omwe pamapeto pake amakhala ndi chipiriro, kuleza mtima, mwachilengedwe, kupirira kwa othamanga, komwe kudzakuthandizani pokonzekera mpikisano wamtsogolo.
Komanso, mukamachita masewera othamanga, anyamata ndi atsikana, monga ziwonetsero, samangokhala akunja komanso kulimba mtima mkati. Mwinanso ndi izi zomwe zimatsimikizira kutchuka kwamtundu wamasewerawa, ndipo ndizotheka kupeza gawo pamasewera, koma chinthu chachikulu ndikukhala ndi chikhumbo komanso cholinga.
