Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuyang'anira kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Ndi chiyani? Ndi momwe mungayezere kugunda kwanu, kunyumba?
Kodi cholinga choyezera kugunda kwake ndi chiyani?
Kusintha pang'ono pantchito yamitsempha yamtima kumatha kuyambitsa madandaulo amunthu pokhudzana ndi vutoli. Kodi kuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima ndikofunikira motani?
Mu moyo wamba
Munthu amakumana ndi zizindikilo zosasangalatsa zambiri ndikugwira ntchito molakwika kwa mtima. Popita nthawi, ntchito yake imachepa, kutopa ndi zizindikilo zina zimayamba msanga.
Chifukwa chake mwa anthu omwe amalemetsa thupi ndi zolimbitsa thupi, kapena amakumana ndi kutulutsa kwaposachedwa kwa ma extrasystoles, brachycardia imayamba - vuto lomwe limawonekera ndikuchedwa kugunda kwa mtima.
Ndi brachycardia, munthu amatha kukhala wofooka nthawi zonse, kugona, chizungulire, komanso kutuluka thukuta kozizira, ndikupuma kwake kumakhala kovuta. Koma kugunda pang'onopang'ono kwa mtima sikumabweretsa zizindikilo zosokoneza nthawi zonse.
Arrhythmia imatha kubweretsa zovuta kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, ndi zizindikilo zowopsa, kufunsa kwa akatswiri a mtima ndi kuwongolera kugunda kumafunikira.
Iyeneranso kuyezedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mitsempha, amayi apakati ndi okalamba. Mbali yoyamba, kugunda kwamphamvu kumatha kuthandizira kuzindikira zamankhwala, chachiwiri, ndikofunikira pakukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo, komanso mu zonse zitatu - kuwongolera ntchito yamtima kuti akhalebe athanzi.
Nthawi yamasewera
Kuwunika kwa mtima ndikofunikira pamasewera. Ndipo izi zimachitika osati kokha pakusankhidwa kwa malo oyenerera ophunzitsira, komanso chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zomwe zimayaka mafuta.
Mphamvu yayikulu yochita zolimbitsa thupi imatha kupezeka pokhapokha ngati pali kugunda kwamtima koyenera nthawi yomweyo komanso kuthamanga kwanthawi zonse.
Kuti muwotche mafuta mwachangu, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zimakhazikika nthawi zonse pamalo ophunzitsira, zomwe zimatsimikizika ndi mlangizi woyenera.
Mukamaphunzira, kugunda kwa mtima kumachitika pang'onopang'ono m'malo otsatirawa:
- Katundu wofooka. Ntchito ya algorithm imakhala yotenthetsa minofu, munthu panthawiyi amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena amathamanga pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kupuma kwake komanso kugunda kwake kumafulumira.
- Malo olimbitsa thupi. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimakhala zofanana ndi gawo loyamba, koma zimasiyana mbali imodzi yabwino. Ndi m'dera lomwe likubwera kumene kulimbitsa thupi komwe kuwotcha mafuta kumakhala njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
- Malo othawirako. Gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, thupi lotenthedwa kale limagwira molingana ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale. Kupuma kumafulumira ndi kukulitsa, kugunda kwa mtima kumachepa pafupipafupi, ndipo mafuta amawotchedwa moyenera. Koma simungathe kulimbitsa mtima nthawi zonse ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Kugunda ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa! M'magawo onse atatu, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kufinya kwa minofu yamtima.
Ngati simukufuna kudikirira mlangizi kwa nthawi yayitali kuti akuthandizeni kuwongolera, mutha kuchita izi nokha mothandizidwa ndi wotchi yapadera kapena kugundana.
Kodi mungadziyeretse bwanji mtima wanu?
Kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikofunikira osati pokha pokha pakulimbitsa thupi, komanso m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Pakakhala zolephera zenizeni pakukwapula komanso kuuma kwake, kufunsa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala amafunika.
Zoyipa zazing'ono m'mitsempha yamtima zimatha kuzindikiritsidwa ndikusintha pang'ono pamlingo mukamayeza. Mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zikwapu mwakumenya, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito wotchi yapadera, koma njira yomalizirayi ipatsa kuwerenga kolondola.
Mgwirizano
Ndi muyeso wa palpation, zolinga zotsatirazi zimatsatiridwa, zomwe zimatsimikizira:
- mkhalidwe wamakoma a mtima;
- zimakhudza pafupipafupi;
- kudzaza zimachitika;
- kuopsa kwa mavuto ake.
Zizindikiro zonsezi zikuwonetsa momwe mtima umakhalira. Mutha kuyimba mtima kunyumba.
Nthawi zambiri zimamveka pamtunda pakati pa kupindika kwa dzanja ndi utali wozungulira. Kuti muyese kugunda kwake, khudzani malowa ndi cholozera, chapakati ndi zala nthawi imodzi.
Ngati zimachitika sizingagwire padzanja, zimatha kupezeka m'mbali mwa phazi ndi mitsempha monga:
- kugona;
- kwakanthawi;
- chotupa;
- chachikazi.
Pali njira ziwiri zomwe muyenera kutsatira:
- Pamene palpation kutsimikiza kwa kugunda kwamphamvu, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayenera kuyezedwa mosalephera. Kulimbana kumatsimikizika mosavuta ngati kuyesayesa kwakukulu kumafunikira kuti muyese palpation mukanikizira mtsempha. Kutalika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kumalimbikitsa kwambiri kugunda.
- Kuwerengedwa kolondola kwambiri kwa ana kumaperekedwa mwa kugunda kwa kugunda kwamkati kwamitsempha yazanyengo.
- Choyamba, manja akuyenera kupatsidwa malo abwino. Pambuyo pake, kukula kwa kugunda kumayang'aniridwa pa onse. Kudzanja lomwe limadziwika kwambiri, kuwerengera kumachitika. Ngati pulsation ndiyofanana pamitsempha yonse iwiri, kuyeza pa mkono wina sikofunikira.
- Pambuyo pake, minyewa imakanikizidwa padzanja kotero kuti cholozera chala chazanja lamayeso chikufanana ndi malo a chala chachikulu cha munthu amene amayesa kugunda kwake. Limbikirani mopepuka pamitsempha.
- Nthawi yoyesera ikhoza kukhala mphindi kapena theka lake. Pazizindikiro zolondola kwambiri, mphindi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ngati nthawi ya munthu amene akuyezedwa kapena kuyeza ndiyochepa, mutha kuwerengera kumenyedwa m'masekondi 30 ndikuchulukitsa ndi 2. Zotsatira zake, muyeso wa algorithm ukuyerekeza ndi njira yoyamba.
- Mukamayesa, ndikofunikanso kuti mumvetsere kutulutsa kwamphamvu, momwe kumadzaza komanso kuthamanga. Zizindikiro izi zimatsimikiziridwa bwino ndi dokotala yemwe amapezeka.
Ndi wotchi yapadera
Pali lingaliro loti mamita othamanga mtima (ulonda wapadera) amangopanga kwa othamanga okha. Izi ndizolakwika kwathunthu. Mukayeza, kuthamanga kumayang'aniridwa ndipo zimayesedwa.
Zizindikirozi ndizofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima, komanso anthu athanzi omwe akufuna kuwongolera chikhalidwe chawo kuti akaonane ndi dokotala munthawi yake. Opanga ndi opanga mawotchi apadera adatsogozedwa ndi izi.
Pali kale mitundu yabwino yamaulonda apadera pamsika, ofanana ndi zomwe zilipo. Ndi ma algorithm okhawo omwe ali osiyana.
Mothandizidwa ndi mita imeneyi, kumenyedwa kwa kugunda ndi kuthamanga kumawerengedwa molondola, kenako chidziwitsochi chimakonzedwa kudzera mumayendedwe opanda zingwe. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa pakujambula. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chipangizochi kwathandizidwa kale ndi akatswiri odziwa za ubongo ndi akatswiri a mtima.
Zotsatira zoyesa
Poyesa kuchuluka kwa zopindika, zimatsimikizika ngati chizindikirochi chili munthawi yoyenera. Kugunda kwake kumatha kusintha zonse motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zakunja ndi matenda.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima kumathanso kuchitika thupi litasinthidwa kukhala nyengo yatsopano komanso chilengedwe.
Kodi chingatsimikizidwe bwanji ndi kugunda kwa mtima?
Mwa kugunda kwa mtima, mutha kudziwa matenda osiyanasiyana amanjenje kapena amtima. Chifukwa chake ngati munthu ali ndi matenda amitsempha, amatha kudziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwamapazi komwe kumayesedwa panthawi yamanjenje.
Anthu omwe ali ndi neurosis amakumana ndi zovuta zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa:
- Manjenje akuchuluka.
- Kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera.
Zotsatira zake, matenda amitsempha amtima amakula, kenako matenda owopsa a chiwalo ichi. Anthu omwe amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse kapena okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda amitsempha.
Kutentha kwake kumayenera kuyezedwa panthawi yopuma. Kenako, kutengera kuchuluka kwake, tachycardia, brachycardia, mtima kapena arrhythmia imatha kupezeka.
Kugunda kwabwino
Ngakhale ndimomwe thupi limasinthira chilengedwe, zimakhudza momwe zimakhalira. Koma izi siziyenera kukhudza magwiridwe antchito amtima kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo pakapita nthawi, kugunda kwamagetsi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala kwachizolowezi.
Mwa mwana wakhanda, amafika 140, mwa mwana wazaka chimodzi - 110, wazaka zitatu - 95, wazaka 14 - monganso wamkulu - zimasiyanasiyana kuyambira 60 mpaka 90 pamphindi. Komanso, nthawi yofanana pakati pa nkhonya imachita gawo lofunikira. Akalephera kapena atamenyedwa pafupipafupi, adokotala angafune kuti ecg ichitidwe kuti asatenge matenda amtima kapena kupereka njira zamankhwala.
Chiwerengero cha kumenya kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi jenda komanso zaka. Chifukwa chake mwa anthu ochepera zaka 30, chizolowezi sichiposa 70 kumenyedwa pamphindi, azaka 50 - 80, komanso azaka 70 azaka zapakati - 90. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa choti ziwalozo zimakalamba, ndipo zimafuna kupopera magazi kwakukulu. zomwe zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi kupweteka kwa mtima.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti amayi ali ndi mitima yocheperako kuposa amuna ndipo amafunikira zochulukirapo pafupipafupi kuti apope magazi mokwanira. Pakati pa mimba, zimachitika kwambiri. Chizindikiro chachizolowezi apa ndikumenya kwa 110 / min.
Kodi kuthamanga kwambiri kumawonetsa chiyani?
Pakakhala zopatuka kuchokera pachizolowezi mpaka 10%, kufunsa azachipatala kumafunikira. Chifukwa chake, ngati zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri, anthu amakhala ndi tachycardia yoyambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo la sinus-atrial node.
Imapezeka nthawi:
- Kusuta.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Mantha mwamantha.
- Ululu.
- Chimfine ndi matenda opatsirana.
- Kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kapena zamphamvu.
- Zachilengedwe zimachitika mwa ana.
Izi zimabweretsa tachycardia kwakanthawi. Nthawi yayitali imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi:
- Matenda a minofu ya mtima.
- Kuyenda kosauka.
- Kugwedeza kapena kugwa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana
- Zowonjezera zowonjezera (zotupa, kuchepa magazi, purulent foci, etc.).
- Adrenaline, nitrate, atropine.
- VSD.
Matenda a neurosis amadziwika ndi paroxysmal tachycardia (paroxysmal). Kutentha kwake kumatha kufika kumenya 200 pamphindi. Kugunda kwamtima mwachangu kumapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo mwachangu ndipo kumatha kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa matenda akulu, chifukwa chake kufunsa kwa katswiri wa zamatenda kapena katswiri wokhudzana ndi izi ndikofunikira.
Zimachitika kawirikawiri
Nthawi zambiri, anthu amakhala ndi kugunda kosowa kwambiri, kotsimikizika ndi kugunda kwa mtima kochepera 60 kumenyedwa pamphindi.
Zomwe zimapangitsa izi:
- matenda a sinus syndrome;
- kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakusokonezedwa pafupipafupi ndi ma extrasystoles, chotchinga cha mtima kapena fibrillation yamatenda;
- brachycardia yoyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zakunja.
Otsatirawa ndi awa:
- kuzizira kapena kukhala m'malo otentha pang'ono;
- parasympathetic minyewa;
- intracranial kuthamanga;
- zotchinga beta;
- kuledzera;
- mkhutu kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro.
Ponena za kuchepa kwa kuchepa kwa mtima, othamanga omwe amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi amathanso kumva izi. Poterepa, osafunikira kuyang'aniridwa ndi azachipatala, koma kuyimitsidwa kwa katundu.
Kugunda kwa mtima kwa wothamanga pomwe akuthamanga
Kuwongolera kugunda kumafunikanso mukamayendetsa. Nthawi zambiri, polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito makina opondera popanda kutsatira magwiridwe antchito.
Momwe mungayang'anire?
Ndikulimbikira kwakuthupi, mtima umagwira ntchito mopanikizika. Kuthamanga kuyenera kukhala kwabwino kwa inu, osati koyipitsa thanzi lanu.
Kugunda kwa mtima pamene akuthamanga:
- Kumenyedwa 120 pamphindi ndi chiwerengero chomwe othamanga ayenera kutsatira m'miyezi itatu yoyamba;
- 135 kumenya / min ndikololedwa kokha ngati mtima wazolowera katundu wina pamene akuthamanga;
- Kumenya 150 pamphindi kumawerengedwa kuti ndi metric yofunikira kwambiri kwa oyamba kumene komanso akatswiri othamanga.
Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti kuwongolera kugunda ndikofunikira kwa aliyense. Zowonadi, ena atha kukhala ndi malingaliro olakwika akuti zimachitika bwino, koma kwenikweni ndizochepa komanso zochepa. Vutoli limafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala ngati munthuyo akukumana ndi zina zosasangalatsa.
