Mthupi la munthu, tendon ya Achilles ndiyolimba kwambiri ndipo ili kumbuyo kwa phazi la bondo. Amalumikiza mafupa a chidendene ndi minofu ndikulola kupindika phazi, kuyenda pamapazi kapena zidendene, ndikukankhira phazi kwinaku ukulumpha kapena kuthamanga.
Ndi tendon ya Achilles yomwe imapatsa munthu kuthekera kosunthika kwathunthu, chifukwa chake, kuphulika kwake ndi kowopsa kwambiri ndipo kumakhala ndi mavuto ambiri azaumoyo.
Pakakhala kuti kusiyana kotereku kwachitika, anthu amafunikira thandizo loyamba mwachangu, ndipo mtsogolo, mankhwala osankhidwa bwino. Popanda chithandizo choyenera, zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zosasangalatsa komanso mwina kutha kulumala.
Achilles tendon rupture - zoyambitsa
Matenda a Achilles ataphulika, pamakhala kuwonongeka kapena kuphwanya kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake.
Kwenikweni, izi zimadziwika pazifukwa izi:
Kuwonongeka kwamakina, mwachitsanzo:
- panali kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha;
- adavulala pamasewera ndi mpikisano;
- kugwa kosapambana, makamaka kuchokera kutalika;
- Ngozi zamagalimoto ndi zina zambiri.
Ziphuphu zowopsa kwambiri zimawonedwa pamitsempha yolimba. Pambuyo pakuwonongeka kotereku, munthu amachira miyezi yambiri ndipo sabwereranso kwathunthu.
Njira zotupa mu tendon ya Achilles.
Pangozi anthu:
- patatha zaka 45, pamene kutanuka kwa tendon kumachepa kawiri, poyerekeza ndi achinyamata. Pamsinkhu uwu, ma microtraumas ambiri amasanduka kutukusira kwa mitsempha ndi minofu.
- onenepa kwambiri;
- akudwala nyamakazi kapena nyamakazi;
- adadwala matenda opatsirana, makamaka malungo ofiira;
- kuvala nsapato zothinana tsiku lililonse.
Nsapato zokhala ndi zidendene zimapangitsa kuti phazi likhale lopindika komanso limalimbitsa mitsempha, yomwe imabweretsa misozi ndi kutupa kwa Achilles.
Mavuto azungulira mu bondo.
Izi zimawonedwa mwa anthu:
- kupita kumasewera pamaluso;
- kukhala ndi moyo wopanda ntchito, makamaka, pakati pa nzika zokhala maola 8 - 11 patsiku;
- olumala kapena pang'ono osayenda pang'ono m'miyendo;
- kumwa mankhwala amphamvu omwe amakhudza kuyenda kwa magazi.
Pakakhala mavuto a magazi m'magazi olumikizana ndi akakolo, pali kuphwanya kolajeni CHIKWANGWANI mu mitsempha ndi kusintha kosasunthika kwaminyewa, zomwe zimawononga Achilles.
Achilles amawononga zisonyezo
Munthu amene adakumana ndi kuphulika kwa Achilles, ngakhale chifukwa chake, amakumana ndi zizindikilo:
- Zowawa zazikulu komanso zopweteka pamalumikizano.
Matendawa akukula. Poyamba, munthu amakhala ndi vuto pang'ono kumunsi kwa mwendo, koma akamapanikizika ndi mwendo, kupweteka kumakulirakulira, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosapiririka.
- Kutuluka mwadzidzidzi mumphako.
Kuthwa kwamphamvu kumamveka pakangoduka kwadzidzidzi kwa mitsempha.
- Kutupa. Mwa anthu 65%, kutupa kumachitika kuyambira phazi mpaka mzere wamaondo.
- Hematoma m'munsi mwendo.
Mu 80% ya milandu, hematoma imakula pamaso pathu. Ndi kuvulala koopsa, imatha kuwonedwa kuyambira phazi mpaka bondo.
- Kulephera kuyimirira pamapazi kapena kuyenda zidendene.
- Ululu m'dera lomwe lili pamwamba pa chidendene.
Zowawa zotere zimachitika pokhapokha mutagona, ndipo pokhapokha munthu akagona ndi miyendo yosakhazikika pamaondo.
Thandizo loyamba la Achilles tendon
Anthu omwe akuwakayikira kuti Achilles awonongeka amafunikira thandizo loyamba.
Kupanda kutero, mutha kukumana ndi izi:
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya sural kenako kupunduka kwa moyo.
- Matenda.
Kuopsa kwa matenda kumachitika ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu komanso kulephera kupereka chithandizo choyamba.
- Kufa kwamatumba.
- Kupweteka kosalekeza m'chiuno cha bondo.
- Kulephera kusuntha mwendo wovulala mwachizolowezi.
Komanso, popanda chithandizo choyamba, wodwala amatha kuchira nthawi yayitali, tendon yake siyichira bwino ndipo madotolo amatha kuletsa masewera mtsogolo.
Ngati tendon ya Achilles yawonongeka, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti munthu apereke chithandizo choyamba chotsatira:
- Thandizani wodwalayo kuti azikhazikika.
Mwachidziwitso, wodwalayo ayenera kumugoneka, koma ngati izi sizingatheke, munthuyo amaloledwa kugona pa benchi kapena pansi.
- Vulani nsapato ndi masokosi kuchokera mwendo wowonongeka, pindani mathalauza anu.
- Imitsani phazi. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kupaka bandeji yolimba pogwiritsa ntchito mabandeji osabala.
Ngati palibe amene amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito bandeji kapena palibe mabandeji osabala, ndiye kuti muyenera kungolamulira kuti wovulalayo asasunthire mwendo wake.
- Itanani ambulansi.
Amaloledwa, ngati wozunzidwayo akudandaula za ululu wosapiririka, ampatseni mankhwala oletsa kupweteka. Komabe, ndibwino kuti mupereke mankhwalawo, mukafunsira kwa dokotala. Mwachitsanzo, poyitana ambulansi, fotokozerani ndi foni kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe sangasokoneze thanzi lanu.
Asanabwere ambulansi, munthu ayenera kugona pansi, osasuntha mwendo wake wovulala, komanso osayesa kuchita chilichonse paokha, makamaka, kupaka mafuta pamalo owonongeka.
Kuzindikira kupasuka kwa Achilles
Achilles rupture amapezeka ndi orthopedists and surgeon atayesedwa kangapo
Madokotala a wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi zizindikilo zina amachita:
Kupindika kwa bondo.
Ndi matenda oterewa, wodwalayo amalephera kukhala ndi minofu yofewa m'chiuno cha akakolo. Amamva mosavuta ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino wodwala akagona pamimba.
Kuyesedwa kwapadera kuphatikiza:
- kupindika kwa mawondo. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la Achilles tendon, mwendo wovulalawo udzagwada mwamphamvu kuposa wathanzi;
- miyezo yamagetsi;
Kupsinjika kwa phazi lovulala kudzakhala pansi pa 140 mm Hg. Kupanikizika pansi pa 100 mm kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kovuta. Hg Ndi chizindikirochi, wodwala amafunikira kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi ndipo, mwina, kuchitidwa opaleshoni mwachangu.
- kukhazikitsidwa kwa singano yachipatala.
Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto, ndiye kuti kuyika singano yachipatala mu tendon kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kapena kosatheka.
- X-ray ya mwendo.
- Ultrasound ndi MRI ya tendons.
Kuyezetsa kwathunthu kokha ndiko kotheka kuzindikira kuphulika kwa tendon ya Achilles ndikutsimikiza kwa 100%.
Achilles tendon rupture chithandizo
Achilles tendon rupture amathandizidwa kokha ndi orthopedists molumikizana ndi othandizira.
Amasankha njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, kutengera:
- mtundu wa zomwe zawonongeka;
- chikhalidwe cha matenda opweteka;
- kuuma;
- mulingo wa chitukuko cha njira yotupa mu mitsempha ndi minyewa.
Poganizira zinthu zonse, madokotala amapereka mankhwala osamalitsa kapena kuchitira opaleshoni mwachangu.
Kuchita opaleshoni kumafunika pamene wodwalayo wavulala kwambiri, kupweteka kosapiririka, komanso kulephera kusuntha phazi pang'ono.
Chithandizo chodziletsa
Ngati pali vuto la tendon ya Achilles, wodwalayo ayenera kukonza bondo limodzi.
Izi zimachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Pulasitala imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Imaikidwa pachidutswa cha phazi lomwe lakhudzidwa.
- Matendawa amavala.
Kuvala orthosis ndi ziboda kumalangizidwa kuti ziphulike pang'ono. M'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri komanso yovuta, madokotala amafunsira woponya.
Pazaka 95%, wodwalayo amalangizidwa kuti asachotse pulasitala, splint kapena orthosis kwa milungu 6 mpaka 8.
Kuphatikiza apo, odwala amasulidwa:
- mapiritsi opweteka kapena jakisoni;
Mapiritsi ndi jakisoni amapatsidwa matendawa.
- mankhwala kuti athandize kuchira kwa tendon;
- anti-yotupa mankhwala.
Njira yothandizira mankhwala imaperekedwa ndi dokotala, pafupifupi, imakhala masiku 7-10.
- njira za physiotherapy, mwachitsanzo, electrophoresis kapena paraffin compresses;
- kutikita minofu.
Kutikita minofu kumachitika pambuyo poti achiritsidwe komanso atachotsa matendawa. M'milandu 95%, wodwalayo amatumizidwa kuti azisisita 10, kumachitika tsiku lililonse kapena kamodzi masiku awiri aliwonse.
Madokotala amadziwa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala mu 25% cha milandu sichimapangitsa kuti munthu akhalenso bwino kapena kupumula mobwerezabwereza.
Kupaleshoni
Madokotala amapangira opaleshoni pamene wodwala ali ndi:
- zaka zoposa 55;
Mu ukalamba, kusakanikirana kwa minofu ndi mitsempha ndi kawiri - 3 poyerekeza ndi achinyamata.
- hematomas akulu mu mgwirizano wamagulu;
- madokotala sangathe kutseka mitsempha mwamphamvu ngakhale ndi pulasitala;
- maulendo angapo ndi akuya kwambiri.
Njira zopangira opareshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto akulu, ndipo ngati mankhwala osamalitsa sangathe kupereka zotsatira zabwino.
Madokotala akaganiza zochita opareshoni, wodwalayo:
- Kugonekedwa mchipatala.
- Ultrasound ya bondo imachitidwa pa iye.
- Mayeso amwazi ndi mkodzo amatengedwa.
Kenako, patsiku linalake, munthu amawachita opaleshoni.
Wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kumaloko kapena msana, pambuyo pake dotolo:
- amachita cheka pa mwendo wapansi (masentimita 7 - 9);
- amalumikiza tendon;
- sutures zipolopolo.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, munthuyo ali ndi bala.
Kupititsa patsogolo opaleshoni kumatheka ngati masiku osakwana 20 adadutsa Achilles. Pankhani yomwe kuvulala kunali masiku opitilira 20 apitawo, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kusoka malekezero a tendon. Madokotala amapita ku Achilloplasty.
Zochita musanathamange kuti mupewe kuphulika kwa Achilles
Kuphulika kulikonse kwa Achilles kumatha kupewedwa pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi musanathamange.
Ophunzitsa masewera ndi madokotala amalangizidwa kuti achite:
1. Kuyimirira pamiyendo.
Munthu amafunika:
- imani chilili;
- ikani manja anu m'chiuno mwanu;
- kwa masekondi 40, kwezani bwino zala zanu ndikutsikira kumbuyo.
2. Kuthamanga m'malo mwamphamvu kwambiri.
3. Thupi limapindika.
Ndizofunikira:
- ikani mapazi anu palimodzi;
- pendeketsani pang'onopang'ono kutsogolo, kuyesa kufikira bondo ndi mutu wanu.
4. Pita kutsogolo - kumbuyo.
Wothamanga amafunika:
- ikani manja anu m'chiuno mwanu;
- koyamba kugwedeza ndi mwendo wakutsogolo kutsogolo - kumbuyo;
- ndiye sinthani mwendo kumanzere, ndipo chitani zomwezo.
Muyenera kuchita ma swing 15 - 20 pa mwendo uliwonse.
5. Kukoka mwendo, wopindika pa bondo, kupita pachifuwa.
Chofunika:
- imani chilili;
- pindani mwendo wanu wakumanja pa bondo;
- kukoka mwendo wanu ndi manja anu pachifuwa.
Pambuyo pake, muyenera kukweza mwendo wanu wamanzere chimodzimodzi.
Monga njira yodzitetezera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutikita minofu ya ng'ombe yodziyimira payokha.
Achilles tendon rupture ndi ena mwazovulala zazikulu kwambiri zomwe munthu amafunikira chithandizo choyamba mwachangu ndi chithandizo mwachangu. Pankhani ya kuwonongeka pang'ono, komanso pamene wodwalayo ali ndi zaka 50, madokotala amapereka mankhwala othandizira.
Mwa mitundu yovuta kwambiri, kuchitira opaleshoni kumafunika. Komabe, aliyense akhoza kuchepetsa ngozi yovulala ngati atayamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi asanaphunzitsidwe zamasewera ndipo osapitilira mitsempha.
Blitz - malangizo:
- mutachotsa pulasitala kapena chitsulo, ndi bwino kutenga njira yodzikongoletsera yapadera kuti muthe kulimba kwa tendon;
- Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ngati mukumva kuwawa mgulu, muyenera kugona pansi, kulepheretsani mwendo wanu ndikuyimbira dokotala.
