Miyezo yothamanga imagawika muyezo wothamanga, kuyenda, kulumpha, kuponya ndi kuzungulira konsekonse. Mofananamo, miyezo yoyendetsa imagawika m'magawo angapo: kuyenda bwino kuzungulira bwalo lamasewera ndi m'nyumba, mpikisano wothamangitsa, kuponya, kuthawa ndi kuwoloka mtunda.
Kuti muwongolere zotsatira zanu pakuyenda mtunda wapakatikati komanso wautali, muyenera kudziwa zoyambira, monga kupuma koyenera, luso, kutentha, kuthekera kokonza eyeliner yolondola patsiku la mpikisano, khalani ndi mphamvu yolondola yothamanga ndi ena. Chifukwa chake, ndikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe bwino makanema apadera pa mitu iyi ndi mitu ina kuchokera kwa wolemba tsamba la scfoton.ru, komwe muli pano. Kwa owerenga tsambali, maphunziro apakanema ndiulere. Kuti muwapeze, ingolembetsani zamakalata, ndipo mumphindi zochepa mudzalandira phunziro loyamba mndandanda wazomwe zimakhalira pakupuma koyenera mutathamanga. Lembetsani apa: Kuthamanga kwamaphunziro apakanema ... Maphunzirowa athandiza kale anthu masauzande ambiri ndipo athandizanso inunso.
Miyezo yothamanga - sukulu, wophunzira, kuthamanga, m'nyumba | |||||||
Maulendo ataliatali (sprint) | |||||||
30 m | 60 m | 100 m | 200 m | 300 m | 400 m | 500 m | |
Kutalika kwapakatikati ndi zopinga | |||||||
600 m | 800 m | 1000 m | 1500 m | 1500 m sp | 1 mtunda | 2 km | 2000 m jn |
3000 m jn | 3000 m | ||||||
Kutali ndi msewu waukulu ukuyenda | |||||||
2 miles | 5 km | makilomita 8 | Makilomita 10 | Makilomita 12 | Makilomita 15 | Makilomita 20 | 21,097 m |
Makilomita 25 | Makilomita 30 | ||||||
42 195 m (mpikisano) | 100 km | Kuthamanga kwa ola limodzi | kuthamanga tsiku ndi tsiku | Ekiden | |||
Kupweteka | |||||||
50 m | 55 m | 60 m | 80 m | 100 m | 110 m | 400 m |
Miyezo ya sukulu komanso yamaphunziro oyendetsa mtunda mosiyana imasiyana kwambiri ndi momwe zimakhalira. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze chiphaso chabwino pamtunda wina uliwonse, mwachitsanzo Mamita 1000, ndikokwanira kuti wophunzira azitha kuthamanga achinyamata atatu okha. Nthawi yomweyo, kuti mupeze "zisanu" zomwezo pamtunda wa 100 mita, ophunzira ayenera kumaliza 2 komanso gulu loyamba launyamata.
Kuthamanga mozungulira bwaloli
Sprint
Tebulo lovomerezeka lazoyendetsa limaphatikizapo mtunda kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 400 mita.
Miyezo ya Sprint mtunda monga 60, 100Mamita 200, 300 ndi 400 amagawika pamiyeso yamagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso nthawi. Kusunga nthawi pamanja kumatanthauza kuti zotsatira za wothamanga zidalembedwa ndi oweruza pamanja nthawi ndi wotchi yoyimitsa. Pankhani yamagalimoto, zotsatira zake zimalembedwa ndi kompyuta.
Kusintha kwamanja ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chiyani pali kusiyana kwachiwiri kwa 0.24.
Monga mukuwonera patebulopo, pamipikisano ya sprint, mtunda uliwonse uli ndi mfundo ziwiri m'gulu lomweli: pazoyeserera zamanja ndi zodziwikiratu, ndi dzina loyambirira "auto". Makhalidwewa amasiyana ndendende masekondi 0.24. Izi zimachitika chifukwa asayansi apeza kuti zomwe munthu ayambe kuchita sizingadutse masekondi 0.24 awa. Ndiye kuti, patadutsa nthawi yayitali kapena kupitilira apo, wothamanga amatha kumva kuwombera kwa mfuti yoyambira ndikuyamba kuyenda. Poterepa, kompyuta imayamba kuwerengera masekondi osachedwa, atangowombera.
Kuyamba konyenga
Chiyambi chabodza chimalembetsedwa molingana ndi mfundo yomweyi. Makompyuta akawona kuti wothamanga wayamba kuchita mwachangu kuposa masekondi 0.24, zikutanthauza kuti wothamangayo sanadikire kuwombera, ndikuyamba kuyenda pasadakhale, chifukwa cha mitsempha, kapena, kuyesa kulingalira nthawi ya kuwomberako, kuti asakhale motalika kwambiri koyambirira.
Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito nthawi, woweruza - woyang'anira nthawi amakhala ndi zoyambira zomwe wothamanga uja amayamba kuwerengetsa nthawi mofanana ndi momwe wothamangayo amayamba.
Avereji ndi malo okhala
Pa mtunda wapakati palinso magawano pamagalimoto komanso nthawi yake. Koma kuyambira mamitala 1000, mtengo wamasekondi 0.24 umakhala wopanda pake. Ndipo siziwerengedwa.
MU Mitengo yaying'ono idalowetsa zotalikirana mpaka 10,000 mkomabe, mabwalowa amachitiranso mpikisano wa ola lililonse komanso ngakhale tsiku lililonse.
Yosalala m'nyumba kuthamanga
M'nyengo yozizira, othamanga othamanga nthawi zambiri amalephera kupikisana pabwalo lamasewera. Chifukwa chake, masewera onse othamanga ndi mayendedwe am'minda yozizira amachitikira m'nyumba - bwalo lamasewera. Mosiyana ndi bwalo lamasiku onse "chilimwe", pomwe kutalika kwa bwalo panjira yoyamba ndi 400 mita, m'bwalolo kutalika kwa njanji yamkati kulinso kawiri kutsika - mita 200. Izi zimapereka zovuta zowonjezera pakuthana ndi mtunda.
M'nyumba Sprint
Mpikisano wamkati mu 100 ndi 200 mita sachitikira pamipikisano yayikulu.
Kwa mita 100, zonse zikuwonekeratu. Kutalika kwa mzere wolunjika pa bwalo la mita 200 ndikopitilira 60 mita. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwakanthawi kochepa kumapita chimodzimodzi patali. Pafupifupi 200 mita, chifukwa chakutembenuka kwaphompho, othamanga, ali ndi liwiro loyandikira 40 km / h, sakanatha kukhalabe panjirayo ndipo amatha kutuluka m'bwaloli. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kosalala m'nyengo yozizira kumachitika kokha pamtunda wa 60 ndi 400 mita.
Kuphatikiza apo, miyezo yamtundawu imagawidwanso pamiyezo yamagalimoto komanso nthawi yake. Komabe, amasiyana kwambiri ndi azilimwe. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muchite gawo limodzi pamtunda wa mita 400 pabwalo lotseguka, amuna amafunika kuthamanga masekondi 51.74 agalimoto, pomwe m'bwalomo ndikwanira kuthamangiranso kwachiwiri - 52.74. Izi ndichifukwa chakutembenuka kwaphompho, komwe kumafunikira kuyesetsa kwambiri mukamathamanga. Ma bend omwe amakhala m'bwaloli amakhala ndi malo otsetsereka, omwe amalola othamanga kuti azitha kuyenda mosavuta panjira yawo osawuluka chifukwa cha mphamvu ya centrifugal.
Kutalikirana kwapakatikati
Komanso miyezo yothamanga, miyezo yamitunda yapakatikati yanyumba ndiyosiyana ndi milingo yofanana yamabwalo otseguka. Kutali kuchokera ku 800 mpaka mailo 1 kusiyana uku ndi masekondi awiri, komanso mtunda wa 3 km - 3 masekondi. Mwachitsanzo, kuti akwaniritse gawo lapamwamba kwambiri pamasewera a master of masewera apadziko lonse pamtunda wa 3 km m'bwaloli, amuna akuyenera kuligonjetsa mumphindi 7 masekondi 55, pomwe ali pabwalo lamasewera ayenera kuthamanga kuti amalize MSMK mumphindi 7 ndi masekondi 52.
Kuthamangira mpikisano
Kutumizira kuthamanga kulinso ndi miyezo yake. Kuphatikiza apo, othamanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mwayiwu, ndipo ngakhale sangakwanitse kuchita nawo mpikisano umodzi, mgulu limodzi ndi othamanga ena amakwaniritsa izi pomaliza.
Mitundu ikuluikulu iwiri yamipikisano yolandirana imachitikira m'mabwalo osatseguka - 4 x 100 mita ndi 4 x 400 mita. M'malo mwa mita 100, pali mabwalo othamanga 200. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mipikisano ingapo yothamangitsana. Koma palibe miyezo yolimbana nayo, ndipo palibe magawo omwe amapatsidwa.
Kupweteka
Zoyendetsa zotchinga zimachitika pamtunda wa 60 mita (m'nyumba), 100 mita (ya akazi), 110 ya amuna ndi 400 mita.
Komanso poyenda mosadukiza, mu zopinga muli njira yoyezera yogwiritsira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi. Mfundo ndi yomweyo - kusiyana pakati pawo ndi masekondi 0,24.
Kuphatikiza pa maulendo ataliatali pamipikisano pakati pamagulu azaka zazing'ono, zopinga zimachitika pamtunda wa 50 mita ndi 300 mita. Maphunziro awo amaperekedwanso, koma osaposa wamkulu 1.
Kuthamanga ndi zopinga
Osati kusokonezedwa ndi zopinga. Mpikisano wothina, kapena momwe akatswiri amatchulira kuti Steeple Chase, umachitikira pamtunda wa 1500, 2000 ndi 3000 mita. M'malo mopinga zopyapyala, monga pakukakamiza, zopinga zimayikidwa panjira, yomwe ndi bala yolimba yomwe ili pamtunda wa 914 mm kwa amuna ndi 762 mm ya akazi. Mu bwaloli, mpikisano wopikisana umachitikira pamtunda wa 1500 (kwa gulu laling'ono) mita 2000.
M'chilimwe, mamita 3000 okha. Kuphatikiza apo, m'nyengo yotentha yothamanga patali, othamanga amayenera kuthana ndi dzenje lamadzi, pomwe panali zopinga zina. Izi zimawonjezera zovuta kwambiri pamalopo, chifukwa chake miyezo yomwe ili pamtambasuko ndiyofewa kwambiri kuposa momwe zimayendera bwino, pomwe sizovuta kwenikweni kuzikwaniritsa.
Kuyenda mozungulira
Kuphatikiza pa kuthamanga mu bwaloli, kuchuluka kwamapikisano ambiri kumachitika mumisewu ya phula wamba, dothi ngakhale mchenga. Kuthamanga kotereku kumatchedwa cross-country running. Monga bwalo lamasewera, mitanda ili ndi miyezo.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pamiyendo yamtunda ndikuyenda mozungulira bwaloli ndi kusapezeka kwa zolembedwa zapadziko lonse lapansi. Pali lingaliro lotere. Monga kupambana padziko lonse lapansi - zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patali mtunda. Koma palibe mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi. Izi ndichifukwa choti mseu pabwaloli nthawi zonse umakhala wosalala komanso wofanana, mosasamala kanthu komwe kuli mpikisanowu. Pali zofunikira zapadera zamabwalo amasewera zomwe zimakumana kulikonse. Palibe zofunikira pamtanda. Chifukwa chake, njanji imodzi imatha kupezeka m'mapiri, ndipo zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuthana nazo, mwachitsanzo, 10 km pamsewu wotere kuposa ngati msewu udutsa chigwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake lingaliro la mbiri yakale siligwiritsidwe ntchito.