Kupuma pang'ono kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndizovuta kuzidziwitsa pawokha. Nthawi zina, kusowa kwa mpweya mutatha kuthamanga kungatanthauze kukula kwa matenda ovuta omwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Kupuma pang'ono komanso kusowa kwa mpweya - mankhwala amaperekedwa ndi katswiri atazindikira.
Limagwirira mpweya
Kupuma pang'ono kumayambitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya m'mapapu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamapume. Mitsempha yomwe imatumiza chidwi kuubongo sikugwira ntchito mokwanira ndipo kumamveka kuti kuchepa kwa mpweya m'minyewa sikumakwanira. Mukamathamanga, mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide umasonkhana m'magazi a munthu, zomwe zimabweretsa zizindikiritso.
Kupuma pang'ono kumachitika kudzera munjira zotsatirazi:
- zikhumbo nthawi zonse zimatumizidwa kumapeto kwaubongo wamunthu za kupindika kwa minofu yam'mapazi;
- mapangidwe a mkwiyo wa mapulogalamu a kupuma;
- zikhumbo zoletsa zomwe zimatumizidwa kumalo amubongo.
Kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera zomwe zidayambitsa vutoli.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma movutikira komanso kupuma movutikira mukamathamanga?
Pakuthamanga, pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zamkati za munthu zimakumana ndi zovuta. Mtima wa munthu umagwira ntchito mwachangu, chifukwa magazi amayenda mofulumira. Ziwalo zonse zamkati ndizodzaza ndi magazi, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwa mpweya.
Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma movutikira akamathamanga ndi monga:
- kukonzekera molakwika maphunziro;
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta fodya;
- kusowa kwa mulingo wofunikira wathanzi;
- zikhalidwe zaka thupi la munthu;
- matenda a ziwalo;
- kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso.
Nthawi zina, kupuma movutikira pamene akuthamanga kumachitika chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi kupuma, komwe kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa mpweya m'mapapu ndikuwoneka kokwanira.
Matenda omwe amachititsa kupuma movutikira
Zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma ndikulephera kwa ziwalo zamkati. Matenda ndi ovuta panthawi yowonjezera thupi, chifukwa, munthu samamva bwino.
Matenda amtima
Limodzi mwamavuto omwe amachititsa kupuma movutikira ndi kulephera kwa mtima. Zotsatira zake, mtima umachepetsa mphamvu yakukoka magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lokwanira mpweya wokwanira.
Ndi matenda amtunduwu, madzi ndi kaboni dayokisaidi zimachuluka m'mapapu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma ndikupangitsa kutsamwa.
Matenda m'mapapo, bronchi
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma movutikira pamene akuthamanga ndi kulephera kwa dongosolo la kupuma.
Nthawi zambiri, kupuma movutikira kumachitika ndi mavuto otsatirawa:
- kulephera kupuma chifukwa chosakwanira kutsegula m'mapapu;
- mphumu ya bronchial, ndi matenda amtunduwu, ma airways amaponderezedwa ndipo mpweya umatsekedwa.
Matenda opuma amatha kukwiyitsa komanso kutsokomola.
Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
Kuchepa kwa kuchepa kwa magazi kumachepetsa kuchepa kwa hemoglobin, chifukwa chake mpweya wocheperako umafalikira kudzera mumitsempha yamagazi. Ndikuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumachepetsa mpweya wabwino m'magazi ndipo kumapangitsa kupuma pang'ono komanso kupweteka mutu.
Matenda a endocrine
Matenda amakhumudwitsa kutulutsa kwa mahomoni ndi chithokomiro chochuluka, chomwe chimawonetsedwa mwakuya mthupi.
Wodekha, munthu samva vuto ili, komabe, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumayambitsa kupsinjika kowonjezera, komwe kumabweretsa kusowa kwa mpweya ndikupanga mpweya wochepa.
Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zamtunduwu zimachitika ndi matenda awa:
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- matenda ashuga;
- teritoxicosis.
Pa othamanga omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu, nthawi zambiri, amatha maphunziro, kupumula ndikumverera kwa kupuma kumamveka.
Mitsempha
Senti ili muubongo, yomwe imayambitsa kagwiridwe kake ka kupuma, chifukwa chake, ndikakhala kwakanthawi kovuta, zovuta zimayamba nthawi zambiri.
Matenda a nthawi yayitali amalepheretsa kuthamanga komwe kumatumizidwa ndi dongosolo la kupuma. Chifukwa chake, zizindikilo zakukanika komanso zosokoneza pakupuma nthawi zambiri zimawonekera.
Kupuma pang'ono ndi kupuma pang'ono - chithandizo
Kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa mpweya wochepa mukamathamanga, muyenera kuyesedwa kwathunthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za matendawa, katswiriyu adzapereka mtundu woyenera wa chithandizo kuti athetse ndi kupewa kubwereza kwa zizindikilo.
Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala uti?
Pamavuto omwe amachitika popanda chifukwa chodziwikiratu, choyamba ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi othandizira omwe angakupatseni mayeso owunika. Kutengera zotsatira za kuyezetsa, wodwalayo apita kwa katswiri wopapatiza yemwe adzapereke chithandizo chofunikira.
Njira zochiritsira
Ngati mukusowa mpweya mukuyenda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:
- kuchotsa chifukwa chomwe chinayambitsa kutsamwa. Katswiriyo amapereka mankhwalawa kutengera mtundu wa matenda;
- mankhwala a oxygen - amakhutitsa magazi ndi mpweya wofunikira;
- mankhwala owonjezera bronchi, amathandiza kuti maginito kupuma;
- mpweya wa m'mapapo - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto pomwe njira zina sizipereka zomwe mukufuna;
- machitidwe opuma;
- masewera olimbitsa thupi apadera momwe magwiridwe antchito amathandizira m'mapapo.
Pazovuta, opaleshoni imaperekedwa, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri matenda am'mapapo.
Kodi mungaleke bwanji kutsamwa mukamathamanga?
Pofuna kupewa kupuma movutikira muthamanga, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kupuma kwanu komanso kamvekedwe ka gawoli. Musanayambe kulimbitsa thupi, m'pofunika kutenthetsa, zomwe sizimangotenthetsa minofu, komanso kukonzekera njira yopumira.
Ngati zizindikiro za kubanika zikuwoneka, m'pofunika:
- kuchepetsa mungoli;
- pumirani pang'ono pang'ono;
- osalankhula kapena kumwa madzi panjira;
- gwiritsirani ntchito cholembera popuma.
Ngati zizindikiritso sizikutha, muyenera kusiya maphunziro ndikupita kwa akatswiri, kunyalanyaza vuto ili kumatha kuyambitsa mitundu yovuta yamatenda.
Kupuma malamulo othamanga
Kupuma kosayenera kumayambitsa kusowa kwa mpweya m'magazi, chifukwa cha zomwe thupi la munthu limatopa mwachangu ndipo zimawoneka kuti pali mpweya wochepa.
Mukamathamanga, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- sankhani liwiro lomwe silitha kutsegula mapapu. Ngakhale kuthamanga, kupuma kuyenera kukhala kofanana, kusapeza kumawonetsa kufunikira kochepetsa kuthamanga;
- inhalation ndi waufupi, pamene linanena bungwe ukuwonjezeka kangapo;
- pumirani kwambiri kotero kuti diaphragm ikuphatikizidwa;
- inhalation ndi kudzera mphuno ndi mpweya kudzera m'kamwa;
- zopuma zimapangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, pomwe wothamanga amayenera kumwa madzi pang'ono;
- kuthamanga kumachitika pasanathe maola awiri mutatha kudya.
Ndikofunikira kupanga mpweya ngakhale isanayambike. Ngati dongosolo la kupuma silikuyenda bwino koyambirira kwamaphunziro, ndizovuta kwambiri kuti zonse zibwerere mchikhalidwe chofunikira.
Njira zodzitetezera
Pofuna kupewa kupuma movutikira pamene mukuthamanga, njira zotsatirazi zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatira:
- kuthandizira panthaŵi yake matenda onse;
- kusiya kusuta ndi zizolowezi zoipa;
- gawani katunduyo mofanana;
- konzekerani bwino musanayambe kulimbitsa thupi;
- Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi.
M`pofunika kusunga pafupipafupi maphunziro, imene ziwalo zonse za munthu kukhala ndi kuphunzitsa pamaso kuwonjezera katundu.
Kutsata njira yopumira ndiyo chinsinsi chosewerera masewera. Mukamathamanga, ziwalo zonse zimakumana ndi zovuta, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri pamakhala matenda akulu, zizindikilo monga kupuma movutikira komanso kutsamwa.
Ngati zizindikiro za kupuma pang'ono zikuwonekera, muyenera kufunsa thandizo kwa akatswiri ndikutsatira malangizowo kuti muchepetse kusapeza bwino.
