Mfundo yosatsutsika yakuti mpweya ndi mpweya wofunikira pamoyo zamoyo zonse. Kupuma ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe anthu ambiri samaganizirapo.
Izi zimachitika kuti munthu alibe mpweya wokwanira, vutoli nthawi zambiri limawonetsedwa ndi zomwe zimagwirizana - kupuma movutikira. Zingakhale chifukwa chanji, ndipo ndi mankhwala ati omwe angathandize polimbana ndi kupatuka kumeneku m'thupi?
Zimayambitsa kupuma movutikira pamene akuthamanga
Oposa m'modzi adasiya kuthamanga chifukwa cha kupuma movutikira koyambirira kwamaphunziro.
Newbies ayamba kudandaula za:
- kusowa kwa mpweya;
- kuvuta kupuma;
- katundu wolemera.
Ndipo kumene, moyang'anizana ndi, monga zikuwoneka ngati oyamba kumene, ndi zovuta zotere, ena akufulumira kuti atenge nawo gawo moyo wawo wathanzi, osaganiza kuti pali njira zothandizira kuthamanga, komanso nthawi yomweyo kupuma mosavuta.
Poyamba, mavuto opuma amatha kuyamba kuchokera:
- Kulemera kwambiri.
- Zizolowezi zoipa, kumwa mowa, kusuta.
- Kupanda nkhawa.
- Kupsyinjika kwamanjenje.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kupirira kofunikira pakuthamanga kumatha kupangidwa mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi awiri, atayamba maphunziro, wothamanga yekha adzawona kusintha kwakukulu pakupuma, kuthamanga kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri.
Koma kudzakhala kovuta kuchotsa kunenepa kwambiri ndikuchotsa kusuta. Ena zimawavuta kukhala ndi zoperewera, ndikunena kuti: "Palibe chomwe chimathandiza," kuposa kulimbana nawo. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali chikhumbo choti mwanjira inayake musinthe moyo wanu, simuyenera kutero, ngakhale zitakhala zovuta komanso zovuta bwanji, tsatirani zoyipa zanu ndi ulesi.
Ngati munthu wakonzekera zolimbitsa thupi molakwika, ndiye kuti kupuma pang'ono kudzakhala chizindikiro cha izi. Nthawi zambiri oyamba kumene amayamba kuthamanga "mwachangu", akukhulupirira kuti "pang'onopang'ono" sikubweretsa zotsatira. Ndikufuna kukutsimikizirani kuti mwina, kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kumakhudza mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, kumayambitsa njira zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse thupi.
Mukayamba kutsamwa, musachedwe. Kuchepetsa liwiro, kuwongolera kupuma - sikunathandize, chepetsani liwiro mpaka kuyenda.
Kupuma pang'ono kwa mankhwala
Poyamba mankhwala kupuma movutikira, m'pofunika kuti apeze matenda wathunthu kuzindikira etiology cha chizindikiro ichi.
Chithandizo chikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito magulu otsatirawa:
- glycosides;
- Zoletsa za ACE;
- okodzetsa;
- ma vasodilator;
- anticholinergics;
- beta-adrenergic agonists;
- malamulo;
- anticoagulants;
- othandizira antithrombotic.
Koma tisaiwale kuti mankhwalawa amatengedwa monga adanenera adotolo, kudzipatsa mankhwala kumabweretsa zovuta komanso imfa.
Furosemide
Mankhwalawa ndi a okodzetsa, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuti azitha kupuma movutikira pamatenda amtima.
Furosemide ndi "loop" diuretic yomwe ingathandize ndi matenda awa:
- Matenda a Nephrotic.
- Matenda a chiwindi.
- Aimpso kulephera.
- Matenda oopsa.
Mankhwalawa, a dyspnea ya mtima, amaletsa kuyamwa kwa ma chloride ndi ma ayoni a sodium. Ndiyamika chigawo yogwira ya mankhwala, katundu pa minofu yaikulu mu thupi yafupika, nchifukwa chake zotsatira odana hypertensive kumachitika. Kumwa mapiritsiwa, kupuma movutikira kumachepa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo munthuyo amamva bwino mumkhalidwe wake.
Koma sitiyenera kuiwala zazomwe zimachitika, dokotala amapereka chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosavomerezeka sikuvomerezeka.
Zamgululi
Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala kumachitika ndi mpweya wochepa motsutsana ndi kuchepa kwa mtima. The mankhwala ndi hypotensive kwenikweni.
Mutatenga, katundu pamtima amachepetsa, kugunda ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumabwerera mwakale mwa achinyamata ndi achikulire. Mankhwalawa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuyambira zaka za m'ma 80 zapitazo.
Koma si yoyenera kwa aliyense, ndi matenda am'magazi:
- Angina pectoris.
- Matenda oopsa.
- Arrhythmias.
- Pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction.
- Nthawi zambiri migraine.
Maimidwe onse amapangidwa ndi akatswiri omwe amapezekapo.
Kutumiza
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthetsa kupuma pang'ono pakulephera kwa mtima. Mankhwalawa ndi a gulu la calcium blockers.
Amawapeza:
- zochepa;
- antiarrhythmic;
- antiangial zotsatira.
Yogwira pophika mankhwala midadada calcium njira ili mu mtima, mitsempha, bronchi, chiberekero, kwamikodzo thirakiti. Chifukwa, pali kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe minofu, kumene myocardium amafuna mpweya wochepa.
Ngati mankhwalawa atengedwa molakwika, ndiye kuti zitha kukhala zowononga thanzi. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa ayenera kutengedwa malinga ndi chiwembu chofunidwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa pali zotsutsana zingapo.
Malangizo
Mankhwalawa amakhalanso okodzetsa. Mphamvu yayikulu ya mankhwalawa imachokera pakusintha kwa torasemide motsutsana ndi wotsutsana ndi sodium, klorini, potoniyamu ayoni, omwe amapezeka mu gawo la apical la gawo lakuda la gawo lomwe likukwera la Henle.
Chifukwa cha izi, kuyamwa kwa ayoni wa sodium kumachepetsedwa kapena kutsekerezedwa, kuthamanga kwa osmotic kwamadzimadzi amadzimadzi ndi mayamwidwe amadzi kumachepa.
Komanso, aldosterone receptors mu myocardium imatsekedwa, fibrosis imachepa ndipo ntchito ya diastolic ya myocardium imakula. Torasemide imagwira ntchito kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena ofanana, komanso zotsatira zanthawi yayitali mthupi. Koma mankhwalawa ayenera kutengedwa mosamala, chifukwa pali zotsutsana zambiri.
Chiwonetsero cha kupuma pang'ono ndi chifukwa chabwino chofunsira kwa dokotala, ziribe kanthu momwe zinayambira: uku akuthamanga kapena pazifukwa zina. Ikhoza kutsagana ndi matenda ambiri osati kupuma kokha, komanso dongosolo la mtima, osasokoneza mofanana nthawi zonse munthu.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mawonetseredwe ake sakhala opanda vuto nthawi zonse, omwe amathetsa zotsatira zabwino. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyesedwanso ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zonse zili bwino m'malo kuphonya mphindiyo ndikuchiza matendawa.
